基于变压器模型的可控电抗器电磁特性统一性研究  

Research on the Unity of Electromagnetic Characteristics of Controllable Reactor Based on Transformer Model

作　　者：王田戈 田铭兴 张慧英[1,3] 张煜珠 WANG Tiange;TIAN Mingxing;ZHANG Huiying;ZHANG Yuzhu(School of Automation&Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu Province,China;Shaanxi Railway Institute,Weinan 714000,Shaanxi Province,China;Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for Rail Transit Electrical Automation(Lanzhou Jiaotong University),Lanzhou 730070,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院,甘肃省兰州市730070 [2]陕西铁路工程职业技术学院,陕西省渭南市714000 [3]甘肃省轨道交通电气自动化工程实验室(兰州交通大学),甘肃省兰州市730070

出　　处：《电网技术》2023年第7期2947-2956,共10页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52167013);陕西省教育厅科技计划项目(21JK0582);甘肃省优秀研究生创新之星项目(2022CXZX-533)。

摘　　要：可控电抗器作为一种基于磁控原理的无功补偿装置,其电磁特性直接关系整个设备的参数设计与运行性能。文章以变压器模型为载体,通过改变其负载侧激励对不同工况下不同类型可控电抗器进行原理性模拟,从而对可控电抗器电磁特性统一性进行研究。建立变压器模型的电磁网络模型,推导各求解单元磁通及绕组电流计算通式,得出不同负载激励下绕组电流波形和电磁特性曲线,并采用有限元法作以验证,进而对复杂工况下交流磁化和交直流叠加磁化下可控电抗器的电磁特性进行分析。结果显示,基于电磁网络模型的各复杂工况下变压器模型绕组电流与磁通的计算结果与有限元计算结果具有良好一致性;交流助磁式可控电抗器可通过控制侧短路的方式来改变主磁路等效磁导率,直流压源和流源均可实现直流助磁式可控电抗器的直流励磁;不同工作机理可控电抗器在不同工况下运行于铁芯的不同磁化阶段。文章关于可控电抗器电磁特性的分析更加基础,适用于所有基于磁控原理的可控电抗器,能够为深入理解可控电抗器及可控电抗器的结构设计与优化提供一定帮助。As a reactive power compensation electromagnetic device based on the principle of magnetic control,the electromagnetic characteristics of controllable reactor are directly related to the parameter design and operation performance of the whole equipment.In order to study the unity of the electromagnetic characteristics of controllable reactor,based on the transformer model,different types of controllable reactors under different working conditions are simulated in principle by changing its load excitation.The two-dimensional electromagnetic network model of transformer model is established,the general formulas of magnetic flux and winding current of each solving unit are deduced,and the winding current waveform and electromagnetic characteristic curve under different load excitation are obtained.Based on the finite element method,the winding current and magnetization characteristics under different working conditions are simulated and analyzed to verify the above results.Thus,the electromagnetic characteristics of controllable reactor under AC magnetization and AC/DC superposition magnetization under complex working conditions are further analyzed.The results show that the calculation results of winding current and magnetic flux of transformer model under various complex working conditions based on electromagnetic network model are in good agreement with the finite element calculation results.The AC magnetic controllable reactor can change the equivalent permeability of the main magnetic circuit by short circuit at the control side.The excitation source of the DC magnetization controllable reactor is DC voltage source or DC current source.Different controllable reactors under different working conditions are operating in different stages of magnetization curve of ferromagnetic materials.In this paper,the analysis of the electro-magnetic characteristics of controllable reactor is more basic,which is applicable to all controllable reactors based on the principle of magnetic control.Hope to provide some help for the

关 键 词：可控电抗器 变压器模型 电磁网络 绕组电流 磁化特性 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]