长三角地区中深层地热资源勘查技术创新与应用  

Innovation and application of geothermal resources exploration technology in the mid-deep layers of the Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：邹鹏飞[1,2] 徐雪球 程远志[3] 杜建国[1] 王宽彪[1] 谢建磊[4] 毛官辉[5] 官煜 ZOU Pengfei;XU Xueqiu;CHENG Yuanzhi;DU Jianguo;WANG Kuanbiao;XIE Jianlei;MAO Guanhui;GUAN Yu(Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210018,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Shanghai Institute of Geological Survey,Shanghai 200072,China;Zhejiang Hydrogeological Engineering Geological Brigade,Ningbo 315012,China;Geological Environment Monitoring Station of Anhui Province,Hefei 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省地质调查研究院,南京210018 [2]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,南京210023 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [4]上海市地质调查研究院,上海200072 [5]浙江省水文地质工程地质大队,宁波315012 [6]安徽省地质环境监测总站,合肥230001

出　　处：《科技导报》2023年第12期46-65,共20页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：中国地质调查局全国地热资源现状调查评价与区划项目(12120113077300);江苏省省级地质勘查项目(2021-2-22);中国科学院学部咨询评议项目(2020-DX03-B-007)。

摘　　要：总结了长三角地区中深层地热资源勘查技术方法,评估了其适用条件及应用效果,形成长三角地区地热资源勘查评价方法体系。结果表明:重力和磁法勘探适用于探测沉积盆地基底、断裂构造、岩浆岩分布等信息;可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)和广域电磁法(WFEM)能有效探测隐伏基岩岩性和富水断裂位置,精度高,是确定地热井位最有效的技术方法;微动勘查方法(MSM)对深部低速层的分辨能力优于其他物探方法;地温测量和氡气测量是浅覆盖区勘查对流型地热资源最有效的手段;构造隆起区勘查深埋传导型地热资源宜采用CSAMT、WFEM、MSM、重力、磁法组合;而勘查浅层对流型地热资源,宜采用CSAMT、测温、测氡组合;在沉积盆地区勘查传导型孔隙地热资源,采用CSAMT、大极距电测深、微动组合;在隆起与凹陷断阶带,勘查复合型地热资源,采用CSAMT、MSM、高精度重力、浅孔测温组合。在水热活动比较强烈的地区,通过分析土壤和地下水中某些特殊元素的富集规律,判断地下热储构造、圈定地热异常范围;利用地热流体中阳离子地热温标和SiO2温标等估算热储温度,氢氧稳定同位素推测地热流体补给高程,进而研究地热系统成因。孔隙型地热井,一般采用正循环泥浆钻井,洗井采用喷射洗井、多磷酸盐洗井等方法,全孔下入套管,取水层段采用缠丝滤水管成井;裂隙型地热井,一般采用正循环泥浆钻井,适用喷射洗井、多磷酸盐洗井、液态二氧化碳洗井、压缩空气洗井等多种洗井方法,取水层段采用裸眼成井或滤水管成井;岩溶型地热井,可采用气举反循环与正循环钻进工艺,取水层段采用裸眼成井或滤水管成井;酸化压裂洗井是提高岩溶-裂隙型地热井出水量最有效的方法。Driven by the integrated high-quality development of the Yangtze River Delta region and the national strategy of Peak Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Carbon Neutral,generally shortened to Dual Carbon,there is a strong demand for clean energy.The Yangtze River Delta is rich in mid-deep geothermal resources.It is of great significance to study the exploring technology and method of geothermal resources in mid-deep layers in the Yangtze River Delta.Moreover,its innovation and application which will support the low-carbon development of the Yangtze River Delta will promote the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources in mid-deep layers in this region.Based on the exploration practice of geothermal resources in the Yangtze River Delta region,this paper analyzes and studies the applicable conditions and application effects of the main technical methods of geothermal exploration in different geological structure conditions,geothermal systems and heat storage types,and forms a method system of geothermal resources exploration in the middle and deep depths of the Yangtze River Delta region.The selection of medium and deep geothermal exploration technology and method should be carried out on the basis of fully analyzing the geological background of the exploration area.It is necessary to select appropriate technology and effective combination of methods according to different geothermal geological conditions and different exploration stages to ensure good exploration effect.Gravity and magnetic exploration are suitable for detecting the information of basement,fault structure and magmatic rock distribution in sedimentary basins.We utilize controlled source audio-frequency magnetotellurics(CSAMT)and wide-field electromagnetic method(WFEM)for detecting the location of hidden thermal reservoir and thermal control structure with high accuracy,which is the most effective method to determine the location of geothermal well.The ability of microtremor survey method(MSM)to distinguish geothermal reservoir and cap rock is b

关 键 词：长三角 中深层地热资源 地球物理 地球化学 地热钻井 

分 类 号：P314[天文地球—固体地球物理学]