吉拉牦牛重要经济性状分子选育潜力研究  

Molecular breeding potential of important economic traits in Jila yak

作　　者：张强 鲜莉莉[1,2] 彭阳洋 平措占堆 陈晓英 洛桑顿珠[1,2] 达瓦琼达 崔建钊[5] 俄广鑫 巴桑旺堆 ZHANG Qiang;XIAN Lili;PENG Yangyang;PING Cuozhandui;CHEN Xiaoying;LUOSANG Dunzhu;DAWA Qiongda;CUI Jianzhao;E Guangxin;BASANG Wangdui(State Key Laboratory of Barley and Yak Germplasm Researces and Genetics Improvement,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China;Institute of Animal Husbandryand Veterinary Medicine,Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husandry Science,Lhasa,Tibet 850009,China;Southwest University,Chongqing 400417,China;Shigatse Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Service Center of Zhongba,Shigatse,Tibet 858800,China;Shigatse High-tech Industry Development Center,Shigatse,Tibet 857000,China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建青稞和牦牛种质资源与遗传改良国家重点实验室,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,西藏拉萨850009 [3]西南大学,重庆400417 [4]日喀则市仲巴县农牧综合服务中心,西藏日喀则858800 [5]日喀则市高新技术产业发展中心,西藏日喀则857000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第15期24-32,共9页China Feed

基　　金：吉拉牦牛遗传资源挖掘及良种选育研究(QYXTZX-RKZ2020-04);国家肉年牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：牦牛是我国青藏高原特有的宝贵生物资源,具有极强的生态适应性、独特的生物学效应和巨大的经济潜力,在青藏高原生态、社会、经济和文化中的意义不可替代。吉拉牦牛作为西藏日喀则地区特有地方品种资源,对当地牧业发展具有重要意义。本研究利用SNaPshot技术鉴定吉拉牦牛种群(111个体样本量)内14个已证实与牦牛生长、泌乳等经济性状显著相关SNP的基因型分布,进一步明确它们在吉拉牦牛群体分子选育潜力。结果显示:14个SNP标记在吉拉牦牛群体基因多样性丰富,且大部分标记座位上携带与经济性状相关的优势基因型,特别是ACSL1_A2079T、GHSR_T1387C、MyOD1_C1710T和TMEM18_C4447T等座位携带优势基因型比例较高。另外,全部位点在吉拉牦牛群体内未发现偏离哈代温伯格平衡,表明该群体作为地方资源品种,尚没有经过针对经济性状强力的人工选择。本研究通过对吉拉牦牛种群内经济性状候选标记的基因型频率分布鉴定,可为今后该牦牛品种分子育种提供数据参考。As a unique economic animal species of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,yak has strong ecological adaptability,unique biological effects and great economic potential.It has irreplaceable significance in the ecology,society,economy and culture of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.As a unique local breed resource in Xigaze region of Tibet,Jila yak was of great significance to the development of local animal husbandry.In this study,SNaPshot technology is proposed to identify the genotype distribution of 14 SNPs in the Jila yak population(111 sample sizes)that have been significantly related to economic traits such as yak growth and lactation,such further clarify their molecular breeding potential in the Jila yak population.The results showed that the 14 SNP markers were rich diversity in the Jila yak population,and most of the markers carried dominant genotypes related to economic traits,especially the seats with the high frequency of dominant genotypes in ACSL1_A2079T,GHSR_T1387C,MyOD1_C1710T and TMEM18_C4447T loci.In addition,no marker were deviated from the Hardy-weinberg equilibrium within the Jila yak population,indicating that,as a local resource breed,this population had not yet undergone strong artificial selection for economic traits.In short,this study provided valuable data reference for the future molecular breeding of Jila yak breed by identifying the genotype frequency of a series of economic traits related markers in the Jila yak population.

关 键 词：吉拉牦牛 单核苷酸多态性 经济性状 基因型频率 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]