金针菇菌渣发酵全混合日粮对贵州黑山羊采食行为、反刍行为和腹泻率影响  被引量:5

Effect of fermented whole mixed diets with Flammulina velutipes residue on feeding behaviour,ruminant behaviour and diarrhoea rate in Guizhou black goats

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作  者:龙勇 黄稳 韩勇[2] 袁超 王圣 王德凤 吴春雅 杨洋 LONG Yong;HUANG Wen;HAN Yong;YUAN Chao;WANG Sheng;WANG Defeng;WU Chunya;YANG Yang(Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region,Ministry of Education,Guiyang,Guizhou Province 550025,China;Ⅰnstitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou Province 550005,China;Hezhang County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hezhang,Guizhou Province 553200,China)

机构地区:[1]贵州大学高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,贵州贵阳550005 [3]赫章县农业农村局,贵州赫章553200

出  处:《中国饲料》2023年第15期153-160,共8页China Feed

基  金:毕节试验区梅花鹿及黑山羊特色产业提质增效配套技术集成与示范应用(黔科合服企[2020]4009);肉羊培育与产业化学科团队建设(黔牧医所团队培育[2018]03号)。

摘  要:为研究金针菇菌渣发酵全混合日粮对贵州黑山羊采食行为、反刍行为和腹泻率的影响,选取35只健康、体重[(24.19±0.83)kg]相近的舍饲贵州黑山羊生长公羔羊,采用RCBD试验设计随机分成5组,每组7只。对照组饲喂基础TMR日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别用30%、40%、50%、60%的金针菇菌渣替代基础日粮中部分粗饲料原料混匀制成FTMR进行饲喂。预试期5 d,正试期7 d。结果表明:(1)各试验组FTMR酸香味浓郁,试验Ⅳ组伴有弱醇味且出现轻微黏连,各组间均未出现霉变。日粮发酵后干物质(DM)、粗灰分(Ash)及中性洗涤纤维(NDF)具有降低趋势,粗蛋白质(CP)与粗脂肪(EE)有一定程度的提高。(2)试验Ⅰ组日均干物质采食量较对照组提高16.47%(P>0.05);采食速度较对照组提高66.12%(P <0.01);采食率较对照和试验Ⅱ、Ⅳ组分别提高13.67%、15.76%、18.41%(P <0.01)。对照组昼夜采食时间、昼采食时间与饮水时间极显著高于各试验组(P <0.01);饮水次数试验Ⅳ组较对照组降低17.09%(P <0.01);游走时间、躺卧、休息和睡眠时间、排粪次数及排尿次数极显著低于各试验组(P <0.01)。(3)试验Ⅳ组昼夜反刍周期数较对照组降低16.33%(P <0.01)。试验Ⅰ组每反刍周期持续时间、两食团吞咽逆呕间隔时间及每个食团咀嚼次数较对照组分别提高3.5%、2.39%、16.98%(P <0.01);昼夜反刍时间较试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别提高12.49%、30.51%(P <0.01);昼反刍时间较对照组与试验Ⅲ组分别提高16.30%、 24.29%(P <0.01)。对照组每反刍周期逆呕食团数较试验Ⅳ组提高14.57%。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组每个食团咀嚼时间较对照组分别提高9.99%、8.32%、5.83%、7.51%(P <0.01)。综上,30%金针菇菌渣FTMR品质优良,日粮适口性好,可显著提高贵州黑山羊采食,促进贵州黑山羊反刍活动。This experiment was contracted to study the influences of flammulina velutipes residue on the feeding behavior,rumination behavior,and diarrhea rate of black Guizhou goats.Thirty-fⅣe healthy and disease-free male lambs with similar body weight[(24.19±0.83)kg]were selected,and they were randomly dⅣided into 5 groups by RCBD experimental design,with 7 lambs in each group.The control group was fed the regular basal diet and the experimental group was fed FTMR with 30%(groupⅠ),40%(groupⅡ),50%(groupⅢ)and 60%(groupⅣ)of flammulina velutipes residue instead of some of the roughage in the basal diet.The pre-experimental period lasted for 5 days,and the experimental period lasted for 7 days.The results showed that:(1)The FTMR of each test group had a strong sour flavor,and the FTMR of test groupⅣwas accompanied by a weak alcohol flavor and slight adhesion,and there was no mildew in each group.The dry matter(DM),crude ash(Ash)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)tended to decrease after fermentation of the diets,while crude protein(CP)and ether extract(EE)increased to some extent.(2)Compared with the control group,the average daily dry matter intake of test groupⅠincreased by 16.47%(P>0.05);the feeding rate increased by 66.12%(P<0.01)and the feeding rate increased by 13.67%,15.76%and 18.41%compared with the control and test groupsⅡandⅣ,respectively(P<0.01).The diurnal feeding time,daytime feeding time and drinking time in the control group were highly significant higher than those in each test group(P<0.01);the number of drinking times in groupⅣdecrease by 17.09%compared with control group(P<0.01);the wandering time,lying down,resting and sleeping time,number of feces and urination were highly significant lower than those in each test group(P<0.01).(3)Compared to the control group,the number of diurnal regurgitation cycles was reduced by 16.33%in the testⅣgroup(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the duration of each regurgitation cycle,the interval between swallowing of two food masses and the numbe

关 键 词:金针菇菌渣 FTMR 贵州黑山羊 采食行为 反刍行为 腹泻率 

分 类 号:S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]

 

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