山东省外来入侵植物区系分析  

Floristic analysis of alien invasive plants in Shandong Province

作　　者：程文磊 吴甜 夏体渊 孟德玉[2] 梁梓煜 殷根深 Cheng Wenlei;Wu Tian;Xia Tiyuan;Meng Deyu;Liang Ziyu;Yin Genshen(College of Agriculture and Life Science,Kunming University,Kunming 650214,China;Plant Molecular Genetics and Crop Gene Editing Laboratory,Linyi Uiniversity)

机构地区：[1]昆明学院农学与生命科学学院,云南昆明650214 [2]临沂大学植物分子遗传与作物基因编辑实验室

出　　处：《植物检疫》2023年第4期13-22,共10页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2022MC197);云南省基础研究专项重大项目(202101BC070002);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022Y698);大学生创新创业训练项目(X202210452265)。

摘　　要：为保护山东省的农业、生态环境以及生物多样性,有针对性地构建外来入侵植物预警预防机制提供依据,本研究通过实地调查、标本查阅确定山东省外来入侵植物名录,在此基础上进行区系分析,并对其危害程度进行评估和分级。结果表明:山东省共有外来入侵植物197种,隶属47科131属。其中尤以菊科物种的数量最多,有26属41种,其后依次为苋科(5属19种)以及禾本科(14属17种);入侵物种最多的原产地依次是:热带、亚热带中美洲至南美洲分布(57种),北美洲特有分布(47种),狭义地中海区分布(32种);从危害等级来看,共包括恶性入侵类21种,严重入侵类36种,局部入侵类30种,一般入侵类53种,有待观察类57种。建议强化对外来入侵植物的风险评估机制和检验检疫,特别关注来自美洲的菊科、苋科、禾本科、豆科等植物。In order to protect the agriculture,ecological environment and biodiversity in Shandong Province,and to establish a targeted early warning and prevention mechanism for alien invasive plants,the list of alien invasive plants in Shandong Province was determined through field investigation and specimen review.On this basis,the floristic analysis was carried out,and the harm degree was assessed and rated.The results indicated that:There were 197 invasive species belonging to 131 genera and 47 families in Shandong Province.Asteraceae had the largest number of species in 26 genera(41 species),followed by Amaranthaceae(19 species in 5 genera)and Poaceae(17 species in 14 genera).The places of origin of the most invasive species were:tropical and subtropical Central and South America(57 species),North America(47 species),and narrow Mediterranean(32 species).From the perspective of hazard level,there were 21 kinds of malignant invasion,36 kinds of serious invasion,30 kinds of local invasion,53 kinds of general invasion and 57 kinds of waiting to be observed.It is suggested to strengthen the risk assessment mechanism and inspection and quarantine of alien invasive plants,especially the plants of Asteraceae,Amaranthaceae,Poaceae and Fabaceae from America.

关 键 词：山东省 外来入侵植物 区系分析 生物多样性 防控 

分 类 号：S45[农业科学—植物保护] Q948[生物学—植物学]