保山市红火蚁发生动态研究  

Study on occurrence dynamics of the Solenopsis invicta in Baoshan,Y unnan.

作　　者：陈福寿[1] 沈云峰 谢显彪 杨祚斌 赵国安 尹艳琼[1] 赵雪晴[1] 鲁凤书 杨园耘 谌爱东[1] 孟继枝 Chen Fushou;Shen Yunfeng;Xie Xianbiao;Yang Zuobin;Zhao Guoan;Yin Yanqiong;Zhao Xueqing;Lu Fengshu;Yang Yuanyun;Chen Aidong;Meng Jizhi(Institute of Agriculture Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Invasion Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs,P.R China(Kunming)/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests,Kunmingg 650205,China;Baoshan Plant Protection and Quarantine Station)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所/农业农村部外来入侵生物防控重点实验室(昆明)/云南省农业跨境有害生物绿色防控重点实验室,云南昆明650205 [2]保山市植保植检站

出　　处：《植物检疫》2023年第4期33-38,共6页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1000500);云南省重大科技专项计划(202102AE090003)。

摘　　要：云南保山市属低纬山地亚热带季风气候,其自然环境和气候条件适宜红火蚁的入侵、定殖、扩散。为了探明保山市红火蚁发生活动规律,为保山红火蚁防控工作提供技术支撑,本研究对保山市苗木基地区域红火蚁蚁巢动态和工蚁动态进行了系统的调查研究。结果表明,调查样地内红火蚁的活动蚁巢数量、新增蚁巢数量、诱集工蚁数量都表现为先增加然后降低的趋势。其发生动态表现为3个阶段,第一阶段6月15日—8月15日活动蚁巢数量处于快速增加阶段,活动蚁巢数量从23个/1000 m^(2)快速增加到50个/1000 m^(2),新增蚁巢数量达43个,占全年新增蚁巢总数的45.74%,诱集工蚁数量呈持续上升趋势,合计诱集数量为1568.00头/1000 m^(2),占全年诱集工蚁总量的42.59%;第二阶段8月31日—10月15日活动蚁巢数量处于增加阶段,但增加的速度减缓,到10月15日活动蚁巢数量最多达61个/1000 m^(2),新增蚁巢数量和诱集工蚁数量呈持续减少趋势,合计新增蚁巢数量和诱集工蚁数量分别占合计数量的39.36%和33.89%;第三阶段10月31日—12月31日,活动蚁巢数量、新增蚁巢数量、诱集工蚁数量都表现为稳定下降趋势,合计新增蚁巢数量和诱集工蚁数量分别占全年数量的14.90%和23.52%。日平均温度超过和低于20℃时活动蚁巢数量和诱集工蚁数量出现较大的区别,平均温度20℃可能是红火蚁活动和扩散的一个关键温度。综合活动蚁巢数量、新增蚁巢数量和诱集工蚁数量方面的研究结果可知,6—10月为红火蚁的活动发生高峰期,结合当地实际情况,建议9—10月采用毒饵撒施与粉剂灭杀相结合的方式进行防治,在12月份采用毒饵撒施与低毒农药灌巢的方式进行防治。The climate type of Baoshan,Yunnan is low latitude mountain subtropic1a lmonsoon,and its natural environment and climatic conditions are suitable for the invasion,colonization and diffusion of Solenopsis invicta.In order to clarify the occurrence regularity of S.invicta,and provide technical support for the control of S.invicta in Baoshan,the dynamics of ant nest and worker ant of S.invicta were systematically investigated in seedling base area of Baoshan City.The results showed that the number of active ant nests,newly added ant nests and worker ants in the sample plots increased firstly and then decreased.There were three stages about the occurrence.The first stage began from June 15 to August 15,the number of active ant nests increased rapidly from 23/1000 m?to 50/1000 m²,and the number of newly added ant nests increased to 43,accounting for 45.74%of the total number of newly added ant nests of the whole year,the number of worker ants showed an increasing trend,the total number of worker ants were 1568.00/1000 m²,accounting for 42.59%of the total number of worker ants of the whole year.The second stage began from August 31 to October 15,the number of active ant nests was increasing,but the increase rate slowed down,by October 15,the number of active ant nests were up to 61/1000 m²,the number of newly added ant nests and worker ants showed a trend of continuous decrease,accounting for 39.36%and 33.89%of the total number,respectively.The third stage began from October 31 to December 31,the number of active ant nests,newly added ant nests and worker ants all showed a steady decline.The number of newly added ant nests and worker ants accounting for 14.90%and 23.52%of the total number,respectively.When the average temperature was above and below 20℃,the number of active ant nests and the number of worker ants showed great difference,the average temperature of 20℃may be a key temperature for the activity and diffusion of S.invicta.Based on the results of the research on the number of active ant nests,newly ad

关 键 词：红火蚁 蚁巢 工蚁 发生动态 

分 类 号：S41[农业科学—植物保护]