一种有毒杂草——天芥菜  

A poisonous weed,Heliotropium europaeum

作　　者：左然玲 虞赟 牟桂萍 李盼畔 闫晓东 蒋湘 印丽萍 Zuo Ranling;Yu Yun;Mou Guiping;Li Panpan;Yan Xiaodong;Jiang Xiang;Yin Liping(Technology Center of Huangpu Customs District;Technology Center of Fuzhou Customss District;Technology Center of Guangzhou Customs District;Technology Center of Shanghaii Customs District)

机构地区：[1]黄埔海关技术中心 [2]福州海关技术中心 [3]广州海关技术中心 [4]上海海关技术中心

出　　处：《植物检疫》2023年第4期49-52,共4页Plant Quarantine

摘　　要：天芥菜(Heliotropium europaeum L.)是一种严重危害牧场的杂草,也是谷物田的主要杂草。天芥菜危害小麦、玉米、大豆等农作物,在一些国家,被列为检疫性杂草。此外,天芥菜中含有5种吡咯里西啶生物碱(pyrrolizidine alkaloids,PAs),对羊、牛、马、猪和家禽有毒,引起肝损伤。有毒的生物碱可通过受其污染的小麦或鸡蛋等不同方式被人类摄入,进而影响人体健康。天芥菜可混杂在粮谷中进行远距离传播,需高度重视。本文介绍了天芥菜的分布、形态特征、生物学特性、风险评估,以期对检疫、监管、监测和防控有所帮助。Heliotropium europaeum is a weed that can seriously threat pasture,and is also the main weed in grain fields.H.europaeum has harm to wheat,corn,soybean and other crops,and in some countries,it is listed as quarantine weed.Besides being a weed,H.europaeum contains five pyrrolixidine alkaloids(PAs)that are toxic to sheep,cattle,horse,pig and poultry,causing liver damage.Toxic alkaloids can affect human health through different ways,such as contaminated wheat or egg.H.europaeum can 1be transfered long-distance by mixing in grain,therefore more attention should be paid to it.This paper introduces the distribution,morphological characteristics,biological characteristics and risk assessment of H.europaeum,so as to provide reference for quarantine,supervision,monitoring and prevention and control of the weed.

关 键 词：天芥菜 吡咯里西啶生物碱 形态特征 生物学特性 防控 

分 类 号：S41[农业科学—植物保护]