Applications of synthetic biology in medical and pharmaceutical fields  

作　　者：Xu Yan Xu Liu Cuihuan Zhao Guo-Qiang Chen 

机构地区：[1]School of Life Sciences,Tsinghua University,100084,Beijing,China [2]PhaBuilder Biotech Co.Ltd.,Shunyi District,Zhaoquan Ying,101309,Beijing,China [3]Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology,Tsinghua University,100084,Beijing,China [4]MOE Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis,Dept Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,100084,Beijing,China

出　　处：《Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy》2023年第6期2638-2670,共33页信号转导与靶向治疗（英文）

基　　金：supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China[Grant number 2018YFA0900200];National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number 32130001];Center of Life Sciences of Tsinghua-Peking University,the Shuimu Tsinghua Scholar Program and Chunfeng Foundation.This project is also funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant numbers 31961133017,31961133018];part of MIX-UP,a joint NSFC and EU H2020 collaboration.In Europe,MIX-UP has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program[grant agreement Number870294].

摘　　要：Synthetic biology aims to design or assemble existing bioparts or bio-components for useful bioproperties.During the past decades,progresses have been made to build delicate biocircuits,standardized biological building blocks and to develop various genomic/metabolic engineering tools and approaches.Medical and pharmaceutical demands have also pushed the development of synthetic biology,including integration of heterologous pathways into designer cells to efficiently produce medical agents,enhanced yields of natural products in cell growth media to equal or higher than that of the extracts from plants or fungi,constructions of novel genetic circuits for tumor targeting,controllable releases of therapeutic agents in response to specific biomarkers to fight diseases such as diabetes and cancers.Besides,new strategies are developed to treat complex immune diseases,infectious diseases and metabolic disorders that are hard to cure via traditional approaches.In general,synthetic biology brings new capabilities to medical and pharmaceutical researches.This review summarizes the timeline of synthetic biology developments,the past and present of synthetic biology for microbial productions of pharmaceutics,engineered cells equipped with synthetic DNA circuits for diagnosis and therapies,live and auto-assemblied biomaterials for medical treatments,cell-free synthetic biology in medical and pharmaceutical fields,and DNA engineering approaches with potentials for biomedical applications.

关 键 词：DIAGNOSIS SYNTHETIC equipped 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]