数字金融使用对农村家庭生计策略选择的影响——来自中国农村家庭追踪调查的证据  

The Impact of Digital Finance Use on Rural Household Livelihood Strategy Selection:Evidence from the China Rural Household Panel Survey

作　　者：宋文豪[1] 黄祖辉[1] 叶春辉[1] SONG Wenhao;HUANG Zuhui;YE Chunhui

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2023年第6期92-113,共22页Chinese Rural Economy

摘　　要：本文基于2015年、2017年和2019年中国农村家庭追踪调查数据,采用渐进倍差法、PSM-DID方法和工具变量法实证分析数字金融使用对农村家庭生计策略选择的影响及其作用机制。研究表明,数字金融使用对农村家庭选择务农主导型生计策略具有显著的负向影响,但对农村家庭选择务工主导型和创业主导型生计策略具有正向促进作用。机制分析表明,数字金融使用可以通过提升家庭金融资本、拓宽信息获取渠道和增强社会信任程度促进农村家庭选择非农主导型生计策略。异质性分析表明:对于原本选择务农主导型生计策略的家庭而言,数字金融使用促进这类家庭的生计策略向非农化转变;对于原本选择务工主导型生计策略的家庭而言,数字金融使用不仅促进这类家庭继续选择务工主导型生计策略,还可以增大其选择创业主导型生计策略的概率;而对于原本选择创业主导型生计策略的家庭而言,数字金融使用会强化这类家庭继续采取创业主导型生计策略。数字支付和数字理财会显著提升农村家庭选择务工主导型生计策略的概率;而数字支付和数字借贷对农村家庭选择创业主导型生计策略具有显著的促进作用。This paper uses the data of China Rural Household Panel Survey(CRHPS)in 2015,2017 and 2019 to empirically analyze the impact and mechanism of digital finance use on the choice of livelihood strategies for rural households adopting propensity score matching DID method and instrumental variable method.The study shows that the use of digital finance has a significant and negative impact on the adoption of agriculture-dominated livelihood strategies for rural households,but has a positive effect on the adoption of labor-dominated and entrepreneurship-dominated livelihood strategies.The mechanism analysis shows that the use of digital finance encourages rural households choosing non-agricultural livelihood strategies by increasing household financial capital,broadening information access channels and enhancing social trust.Heterogeneity analysis shows that for families who originally chose agriculture-dominated livelihood strategies,the use of digital finance has promoted the transformation of their livelihood strategies towards non-agricultural ones;for families who originally chose labor-dominated livelihood strategies,the use of digital finance not only supports these families in keeping choosing labor-dominated livelihood strategies,but also increases the probability of their choosing entrepreneurship-dominated livelihood strategies;for families who originally chose entrepreneurship-dominated livelihood strategies,the use of digital finance solidifies these families'choices.Finally,digital payment and digital finance significantly increase the probability of rural households'choosing labor-dominated livelihood strategies,while digital payment and digital lending have significant effects on rural households adopting entrepreneurship-dominated livelihood strategies.

关 键 词：数字金融 农村家庭 生计策略 非农化 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济] F832