抽象、意象、具象:武术技术原理的层次辨析  

Abstraction,Image and Representation:the Three Levels of the Technical Principles of Martial Arts

作　　者：张华 温搏 ZHANG Hua;WEN Bo(School of Physical Education,Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang 524048,China;School of Physi-cal Education,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou 52104l,China)

机构地区：[1]岭南师范学院体育科学学院,湛江524048 [2]韩山师范学院体育学院,潮州521041

出　　处：《体育与科学》2023年第4期53-59,75,共8页Sports & Science

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“入奥语境下武术国际化路径研究”,项目号:20BTY102;岭南师范学院博士科研启动基金,项目号:ZL22019。

摘　　要：运用文献资料、归纳演绎等研究方法,整合武术技术原理的研究成果,概括出武术技术原理的抽象、意象、具象等三个层次,旨在助力人们对武术技术原理的整体把握,为武术技术的新时代创新与发展提供借鉴。研究认为:在抽象层面,攻防技击之“道”表征了武术技术中蕴含着“天人合一”的理想指向、“阴阳平衡”的指导思想、“和而不同”的价值理念,并具有主体性推动、统摄引领、“美美与共”等多元作用;在意象层面,攻防技击之“意”是指融合在武术技术之中的武术拳家们的主体情意、情感或意蕴,表现为武术拳种、流派的技术体系在不同的拳家、地域、领域之间分化发展的主要动力。在具象层面,攻防技击之“法”是武术技术动作的基本规范,在“目标-行为-结果”动态过程中以“变”与“合”为需求前提,以“和谐共生”为平衡发展,以“生生”与“自由”为生命指向,本文以实现人与武术互构的重新表达与叙述为旨归。By using the research methods of literature,induction and deduction,and integrating the research results of martial arts technology principle,the paper summarizes three levels of martial arts technology principle,namely abstract,image and concrete,in order to help people to grasp the overall principle of martial arts technology,and provide reference for the innovation and development of martial arts technology in the new era.The research holds that:at the abstract level,the“Tao”of attack and defense represents the ideal direction of“unity of nature and man”,the guiding ideology of“balance of Yin and Yang”,and the value concept of“harmony without difference”contained in martial arts technology,and has multiple functions such as subjective promotion,unified guidance,and“beauty and sharing”.In the level of image,the“meaning”of attack and defense skills refers to the main emotion,emotion or implication of martial arts fighters integrated in the martial arts technology,which are the main driving force for the differentiation and development of the technical system of martial arts types and schools among different fighters,regions and fields.On the concrete level,the“law”of attack and defense is the basic norm of martial arts technical movements.In the dynamic process of“goal-behavior-result”,“change”and“harmony”are the prerequisite of demand,“harmonious coexistence”is the balanced development,and“life”and“freedom”are the life direction.This paper aims to realize the re-expression and narration of the mutual construction between human and martial arts.

关 键 词：武术技术 技术原理 攻防技击 文化哲理 主体意象 技术规范 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]