从投资保护迈向投资便利化:投资争端解决机制的“再平衡”及中国因应  

From Investment Protection to Investment Facilitation:The“Rebalancing”of the Investor-State Dispute Settlement Mechanism and China's Responses

作　　者：毕莹[1] 俎文天 Bi Ying;Zu Wentian(Guanghua Law School,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期123-137,共15页Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“国有企业国际造法走向及我国的对策研究”(20BFX200);浙江省法学会重点课题“自贸试验区制度型开放问题研究——以与RCEP对接为切入点”(2021NA04);浙江省之江青年课题研究经费。

摘　　要：受制于新自由主义和投资保护主义的不断发展,以商事仲裁为蓝本的投资仲裁机制身陷“正当性危机”,参与投资的多方主体权益及价值发生冲突,多元要素的“非对称”安置致使全球投资治理体系出现“失衡”乱象,多边层面的投资争端解决机制改革谈判陷入困境。与之不同,中国在多边平台上提出投资便利化议题。该议题以“建设性”的可持续发展为内涵,通过争端前、争端中以及替代性解决方案等模式,调和投资治理中的原有主体间“对抗性”的内生矛盾,为现阶段投资争端解决机制改革瓶颈提供示范路径。中国作为全球投资流动的双向大国,有需求亦有责任参与到多边改革进程中,秉持“全时、全体”的可持续理念,对“公私”权利进行再分配,对“南北”利益进行再配置。通过调整并更新现行投资规则,试行从双边实践、区域构建再到多边探索的改革路径,向多边投资机制改革贡献更为可持续的全球治理方案。Constrained by the continuous development of Neo-liberalism and investment protectionism,investment arbitration based on commercial arbitration has inherent disadvantages.The interests and values of multiple parties involved in investment conflict,the problem of rights gap between investors and host states is difficult to resolve,and the divergent claims between developing countries and developed countries is difficult to coordinate.The“asymmetric”form of multiple elements,such as the participation of subjects in the conclusion of the treaty,the distribution of rights and obligations in investment practice,and the unbalanced development of global investment,has led to“imbalance”chaos of global investment governance.The traditional Investor-State Dispute Settlement(ISDS)mechanism is in a“crisis of legitimacy”.The negotiations of ISDS mechanism reform have reached an impasse.In contrast,investment facilitation,as an emerging investment issue,takes“constructive”sustainable development as its connotation,cares about all parties involved in the investment,acts on the entire investment cycle,and focuses on achieving routine cooperation in international investment through mechanism construction,especially emphasizing the use of capacity building and aid to promote the cooperation with developing countries.Taking it as a reference,the reform of the ISDS mechanism in the context of investment facilitation,can explore to“correct”the“dislocation”of the subjects in investment rules and investment practice,balance the distribution of rights and obligations between the disputing parties,correct the current“asymmetric”form of investment dispute governance.As a great power with two-way capital flow,China has both needs and responsibilities to participate in the multilateral reform process of the ISDS mechanism.As an advocate of investment facilitation,China should uphold the sustainable notion of“full-time and comprehensive”for the reform of the ISDS mechanism.At the bilateral level,by updating th

关 键 词：投资便利化 ISDS机制改革 投资保护 全球投资治理 可持续发展 

分 类 号：D996.4[政治法律—经济法学]