不同饲粮类型对乳鸽屠宰性能、肉品质、糖代谢、脂代谢、氧化应激及肌纤维发育的影响  

Effects of Different Dietary Types on Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality,Glucose Metabolism,Lipid Metabolism,Oxidative Stress and Muscle Fiber Development of Squabs

作　　者：张妍璘 杨梦林 张薇 黄卫瑛 郑世奇 吕艳涛 高红燕 王玮 黄燕华 彭杰 ZHANG Yanlin;YANG Menglin;ZHANG Wei;HUANG Weiying;ZHENG Shiqi;LYU Yantao;GAO Hongyan;WANG Wei;HUANG Yanhua;PENG Jie(Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Guangzhou 510642,China;Innovative Institute of Animal Healthy Breeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China)

机构地区：[1]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室,广州510642 [2]仲恺农业工程学院动物科技学院健康养殖创新研究院,广州510225

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第7期4553-4563,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划“鸽产业发展关键技术研究与集成示范”(2020B0202080002);广东省功能饲料与动物免疫调控创新团队(2020KCXTD019);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(饲料)(2021KJ115);兴宁市肉鸽产业园技术服务“揭榜挂帅”项目(D122222G902)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同饲粮类型对乳鸽屠宰性能、肉品质、糖代谢、脂代谢、氧化应激及肌纤维发育的影响。选取108对生产性能相近且同一天带仔的欧洲米玛斯白鸽,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6对种鸽。各组分别饲喂原粮(原粮组)、50%原粮+50%颗粒料(原粮+颗粒料组)以及颗粒料(颗粒料组)3种等能等氮饲料。每对种鸽哺育4只乳鸽,试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌重显著降低(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组、颗粒料组乳鸽的屠宰率显著升高(P<0.05),颗粒料组乳鸽的半净膛率和全净膛率显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min pH显著升高(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌滴水损失显著升高(P<0.05)。颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min亮度(L*)值显著高于原粮+颗粒料组(P<0.05)。3)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量和总抗氧化活力(T-AOC)显著升高(P<0.05)。5)与原粮组相比,原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌纤维横截面积和直径均显著降低(P<0.05)。6)相关性分析发现,乳鸽胸肌尿素氮(UN)含量与胸肌重呈显著负相关(P<0.05),胸肌总胆固醇(T-CHO)含量、胸肌纤维横截面积和直径与胸肌重呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲喂颗粒料会造成乳鸽肌肉发育受阻,对蛋白质的利用率降低,氧化应激水平升高,肉品质变差。因此,在设计种鸽饲粮时除了考虑营养素以外,还要考虑饲粮类型,以免影响乳鸽肌肉发育和肉品质。The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different dietary types on slaughter per⁃formance,meat quality,glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,oxidative stress and muscle fiber development of squabs.A total of 108 pairs of European Mimas white breeding pigeons with similar production performance and with litters on the same day were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 6 pairs breeding pigeons in each replicate.Breeding pigeons in 3 groups were fed three isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets:raw grain(raw grain group),50%raw grain+50%granular feed(raw grain+granular feed group)and granular feed(granular feed group).Each pair of breeding pigeons fed 4 squabs,and the test period was 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with raw grain group,the breast muscle weight of squabs in granular feed group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the slaughter rate of squabs in raw grain+granular feed group and granular feed group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the half eviscerated rate and e⁃viscerated rate of squabs in granular feed group were significantly increased(P<0.05).2)Compared with raw grain group,the breast muscle 45 min pH of squabs in granular feed group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the breast muscle drip loss of squabs in raw grain+granular feed group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The breast muscle 45 min brightness(L∗)value of squabs in granular feed group was significantly higher than that in raw grain+granular feed group(P<0.05).3)Compared with raw grain group,the breast muscle triglyceride(TG)content of squabs in granular feed group was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with raw grain group,the breast muscle hydrogen peroxide(H2 O2)content and total antioxidant ac⁃tivity(T⁃AOC)of squabs in granular feed group were significantly increased(P<0.05).5)Compared with raw grain group,the breast muscle fiber cross⁃sectional area and diameter of squabs in raw grain+granular feed group were significantly decreased(P<

关 键 词：饲粮类型 乳鸽 肉品质 氧化应激 肌肉纤维 

分 类 号：S836[农业科学—畜牧学]