不同来源棉籽粕和菜籽粕有效能值和营养物质表观消化率相关参数研究  

Relevant Parameters of Effective Energy Values and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Cottonseed Meal and Rapeseed Meal from Different Sources

作　　者：张莹 吴兆海 卜登攀[2] 董瑞兰[1] ZHANG Ying;WU Zhaohai;BU Dengpan;DONG Ruilan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,青岛266109 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第7期4706-4718,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022QC027);山东省农业良种工程项目(2020LZGC014)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同蛋白质来源饲料原料有效能值和营养物质表观消化率与其营养成分含量和瘤胃营养物质降解率的相关关系,以丰富肉牛饲料原料数据库。试验选用棉籽粕和菜籽粕各2种样品开展研究,其中棉籽粕分别产自山东和新疆,菜籽粕分别产自四川和湖北。通过化学成分分析,检测4种原料的常规营养成分含量、碳水化合物组成以及矿物元素和维生素含量;使用尼龙袋法测定样品瘤胃48 h营养物质降解率;通过体内法测定原料有效能值和营养物质表观消化率。结果表明:1)4种原料粗蛋白质(CP)含量在36.90%~49.28%,粗脂肪(EE)含量在0.33%~1.34%,均为低脂肪、高蛋白质饲料,并且菜籽粕中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量高于棉籽粕。2)棉籽粕干物质(DM)和CP降解率均处于较高水平。DM和CP降解率在2种菜籽粕之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),可能由于饲料来源及加工方式不同导致。3)消化能(DE)和代谢能(ME)在2种棉籽粕之间以及棉籽粕和菜籽粕之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。DM、CP、NDF和ADF表观消化率在4种原料之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中4种原料的CP表观消化率在66.93%~95.72%,表明4种原料均容易被吸收。4)分析各项指标与有效能值和营养物质表观消化率的相关性,可以得出与有效能值较相关的3个指标为EE含量、NDF降解率和酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)含量;营养物质表观消化率与其48 h降解率均存在较高的相关性,可以作为构建预测模型的主要参考指标。本研究为我国肉牛饲料原料科学利用提供了数据参考,为饲料原料营养价值参数数据库积累了基础数据。The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the correlation between the effective energy values and nutrient apparent digestibility of feed raw materials from different protein sources and their nutrient content and rumen nutrient degradation rate,so as to enrich the beef cattle feed material database.Each two samples of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal were selected for the study.Cottonseed meal was produced in Shandong and Xinjiang,and rapeseed meal was produced in Sichuan and Hubei,respectively.Through chemical composition analysis,the conventional nutrient content,carbohydrate composition,mineral element and vitamin contents of the four raw materials were detected.The nutrient degradation rates in rumen at 48 h was determined by nylon bag method.The effective energy of raw materials and nutrient apparent digestibility were determined by in vivo method.The results showed as follows:1)the crude protein(CP)content in the four raw materials was 36.90%to 49.28%,and the ether extract(EE)content was 0.33%to 1.34%,all of which were low fat and high protein feed,and the contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)in rapeseed meal were higher than those in cottonseed meal.2)The degradation rates of dry matter(DM)and CP in cot⁃tonseed meal were at a high level.The degradation rates of DM and CP were significantly different between the two rapeseed meals(P<0.05),which might be caused by different feed sources and processing methods.3)Digestible energy(DE)and metabolizable energy(ME)were significantly different between the two cotton⁃seed meals and between cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of DM,CP,NDF and ADF was significantly different among the four raw materials(P<0.05),and the CP apparent digest⁃ibility in the four raw materials ranged from 66.93 to 95.72%,indicating that the four raw materials were easily absorbed.4)By analyzing the correlation between each index with the effective energy values and nutrient ap⁃parent digestibility,it was con

关 键 词：饲料原料 有效能值 营养物质表观消化率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]