2000—2020年河西地区生态系统服务功能时空变化与影响因素分析  

Spatial and temporal variation of ecosystem service functions in the Hexi region from 2000 to 2020 and its influence factors analysis

作　　者：薛健 李宗省 陈雪娇 周慧玲 桂娟 XUE Jian;LI Zong-xing;CHEN Xue-jiao;ZHOU Hui-ling;GUI Juan(Observation and Research Station of Eco-Hydrology and National Park by Stable Isotope Tracing in Alpine region/Gansu Qilian Mountains Ecology Research Center/National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Region,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院高寒山区同位素生态水文与国家公园观测研究站/甘肃省祁连山生态环境研究中心/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]西北师范大学,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《环境生态学》2023年第7期1-12,共12页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：中国工程科技发展战略甘肃研究院咨询研究项目(GS2022ZDI03);国家自然科学基金区域发展联合基金重点项目(U22A20592);国家重点研发计划项目专题(2020YFA0607702);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目专题(2019QZKK0405);中国科学院青年交叉团队项目(JCTD-2022-18);中国科学院“西部之光”交叉团队项目-重点实验室合作研究专项资助。

摘　　要：河西地区是我国“三区四带”和甘肃省“四屏一廊”生态安全格局的重要组成部分,在全国生态安全战略格局中具有重要地位。利用InVEST模型、USLE方程与修正风蚀方程等评价方法,结合河西地区的气象、水文、地形、土地利用类型与土壤质地等数据,对2000—2020年河西地区的生态系统服务功能进行量化,并分析各项功能的时空变化及影响因素,识别河西地区生态系统服务功能的高、中、低值区。结果表明:2000—2020年河西地区生态系统服务功能整体向好,但波动较大,稳定性有待增强。受气候条件与土地利用格局的影响,生态系统服务功能在空间上呈现“南高北低”的分布格局。通过分析生态系统服务功能的影响因素,发现林地与草地对生态系统服务功能的提升具有关键作用,海拔在2 500~3 500 m和缓坡地区的生态系统服务功能较优。2000—2020年河西地区的生态系统服务功能综合指数呈波动上升趋势,生态系统服务功能的最优年份为2020年。生态系统服务功能的低值区主要位于河西地区西北部的平原地带,占比41%。生态修复时要减少人类活动带来的负面影响,增强区域的土壤保持与防风固沙能力。生态系统服务功能的中值区主要分布在河西地区的浅山区以及走廊绿洲,占比35%。其巩固提升对策要重点关注农牧业与环境保护协同发展的问题,对区域水资源进行优化配置,减少人地矛盾。生态系统服务功能的高值区集中在祁连山区,占比24%,是为整个河西地区提供生态资源与产品的关键区与重点区。今后要继续加强生态环境的监测与保护,维持生态系统的原真性。The Hexi region is an important part of China s“three regions and four belts”and Gansu Province s“four screens and a corridor”ecological security pattern,and has an important position in the national ecological security strategy pattern.Using the evaluation methods such as InVEST model,USLE and RWEQ to quantify the ecosystem service functions in the Hexi region from 2000 to 2020 by combining meteorological data,hydrological data,topographic data,land use type data and soil texture data,and analyzing the spatial and temporal changes and influencing factors of each function to identify the high,medium and low value areas of ecosystem service functions in the Hexi region.The results showed that the overall ecosystem service functions in the Hexi region from 2000 to 2020 had become better,but the volatility was large and the stability needed to be enhanced.Due to the influence of climate conditions and land use patterns,the spatial distribution of ecosystem service functions was“high in the south and low in the north”.By analyzing the influencing factors of ecosystem service functions,it was found that woodland and grassland had a key role in the enhancement of ecosystem service function.Ecosystem service functions were better in the areas with elevation of 2500~3500 m and gentle slope.The comprehensive index of ecosystem service functions in the Hexi region from 2000 to 2020 showed a fluctuating upward trend,and the optimal year for ecosystem service function was 2020.The low-value areas of ecosystem service functions were mainly located in the plain area in the northwestern part of the Hexi region,accounting for 41%of the total.In ecological restoration,the negative impact brought by human activities should be reduced and the soil conservation and wind and sand control capacity of the region should be enhanced.The median-value areas of ecosystem service functions were mainly distributed in the shallow mountainous areas of the Hexi region and the corridor oasis,accounting for 35%of the total.Its consolid

关 键 词：生态系统服务功能 影响因素 InVEST模型 河西地区 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]