城市污水处理系统中重金属污染物的检测及治理技术研究  

Research on Detection and Treatment Technology of Heavy Metal Pollutants in Urban Sewage Treatment System

作　　者：王莉莉 WANG Li-li(Guangxi Beitou Environmental Protection&Water Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanning Guangxi 530025,China)

机构地区：[1]广西北投环保水务集团有限公司,广西南宁530025

出　　处：《当代化工》2023年第6期1303-1306,1336,共5页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(项目编号:桂科AB21196036);南宁市重大科技专项(项目编号:20213121)。

摘　　要：为了明确城市污水处理系统中重金属元素的变化情况,提出更加高效的重金属污染物治理措施,以某城市污水处理厂A/O处理工艺中不同处理单元的水样为研究对象,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪和原子荧光光度计对水样中不同类型的重金属元素(Cu、Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni和Hg)质量浓度进行了检测,并针对性地开展了活性炭吸附试验。结果表明:目标城市污水处理厂进水水样中重金属Cu、Pb、Cr、Cd和Hg的质量浓度均超标,而经过A/O工艺处理后,不同处理单元出口的水样中重金属元素的质量浓度均有所降低,但最终出口水样中Pb和Cr的质量浓度仍超标,而Cu元素的质量浓度也高达0.283 mg·L^(-1)。活性炭吸附试验的最佳工艺参数为:吸附剂类型为改性活性炭E,吸附剂投加量为200mg·L^(-1),吸附时间为10min。在此最佳工艺条件下,水样中重金属Cu、Pb和Cr的质量浓度可分别降低至0.005 2、0.001 9、0.001 3 mg·L^(-1),均能达到国家标准GB/T 18918—2002中的排放要求。In order to clarify the changes of heavy metal elements in the urban sewage treatment system and put forward more efficient measures for the treatment of heavy metal pollutants,the water samples of different treatment units in the A/O treatment process of a municipal sewage treatment plant were taken as the research object,and the mass concentrations of different types of heavy metal elements(Cu,Pb,Cr,Cd,Ni and Hg) in the water samples were detected by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer.The activated carbon adsorption test was carried out.The results showed that the mass concentrations of heavy metals Cu,Pb,Cr,Cd and Hg in the influent water samples of the target urban sewage treatment plant exceeded the standard,while the mass concentrations of heavy metals in the water samples at the outlet of different treatment units decreased after the A/O process treatment,but the mass concentrations of Pb and Cr in the final outlet water samples still exceeded the standard,and the mass concentration of Cu was as high as 0.283 mg·L^(-1).The best process parameters for the activated carbon adsorption test were determined as follows:the type of adsorbent was modified activated carbon E,the dosage of adsorbent was 200 mg·L^(-1),and the adsorption time was 10min.Under the optimum process conditions,the mass concentrations of heavy metals Cu,Pb and Cr in water samples were reduced to 0.005 2 mg·L^(-1),0.001 9 mg·L^(-1) and 0.001 3 mg·L^(-1) respectively,which can meet the emission requirements of the national standard GB/T 18918—2002.

关 键 词：城市污水 重金属 检测 活性炭吸附 治理技术 

分 类 号：X781[环境科学与工程—环境工程]