不同预处理方式对苦豆子种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of different pretreatment on seed germina-tion and seedling growth of Sophora alopecuroides

作　　者：史超逸 房闵 图雅 刘建康 朱媛君 杨晓晖[1] SHI Chao-yi;FANG Min;TU ya;LIU Jian-kang;ZHU Yuan-jun;YANG Xiao-hui(Institute of desertification,Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;PowerChina Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited,Beijing 100024,China;School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091 [2]中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司,北京100024 [3]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [4]宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地,西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2023年第3期146-155,共10页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(32061123005)。

摘　　要：【目的】苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides)是一种具有耐干旱、耐盐碱、抗风沙特性的豆科植物,是水土保持的优质植物资源,为提高苦豆子萌发效果,本文分析了两种打破种子休眠方式的交互处理方法对苦豆子种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,为苦豆子植物资源利用提供科学依据。【方法】根据硫酸浸种和热水浸种两种常见的打破苦豆子种子休眠的方式,设计交互试验,统计发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、鲜重、干重、含水率及幼苗生长相关指标。【结果】在20个处理组合中,65%×80℃处理和85%×20℃两种预处理方式在各指标方面均有较好表现。其中65%×80℃处理组在发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数方面均为20种处理中最高,85%×20℃处理组萌发效果次之。在萌发速率与幼苗生长中,65%×80℃、85%×20℃两组处理下种子萌发时滞较短、萌发速率较快,幼苗生长情况优于其他组别,并与0×20℃组差异显著。按浸种硫酸浓度分组,发芽效果由优到差为:85%>75%>65%>95%>0,80℃热水浸种20 min的处理效果优于其他温度浸种。【结论】65%×80℃、85%×20℃两种预处理方式对加速苦豆子种子萌发、促进幼苗生长具有较优效果。本研究可为苦豆子种子萌发、幼苗建植的相关研究及生产实践提供科学依据。【Objective】Sophora alopecuroides is a kind of leguminous plant with characteristics of drought tolerance,saline-alkali tolerance and resistance against the erosion by wind and sand.It is a kind of quality plant resource for conservation of water and soil.In this paper,the effects of two kinds of interactive treatment methods on seed ger-mination and seedling growth of S.alopecuroides were studied,which provided scientific basis for the utilization of this plant resources.【Method】Using two common methods of breaking the dormancy of S.alopecuroides seeds by soaking in sulfuric acid and soaking in hot water,an interactive experiment was designed to calculate the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vitality index,fresh weight,dry weight,water content and related indexes of seedling growth.【Result】In the 20 treatment combinations,the pretreatment methods of 65%×80℃and 85%×20℃showed good performance in all indicators.Among the 20 treatments,65%×80℃combined treatment group had the highest germination percentage,germination energy,germination index and vigor index.The 85%×20℃combined treatment group had the second highest effect.In terms of seed germination rate and seedling growth,compared with other treatments,the above two treatment groups had a shorter time delay and faster germination speed,and the seedling growth was better than other groups,and the difference was significant with the 0×20℃group.At the same time,this study also found that,grouped by sulfuric acid concentration,the overall trend was 85%>75%>65%>95%>0,and the treatment effect of 80℃warm water soaking for 20 min was better than that of other three warm water soaking temperatures.【Conclusion】65%×80℃and 85%×20℃pretreatments had better effects on seed germination and seedling growth of S.alopecuroides.This study can provide scientific basis for seed germination,seedling establishment and production practice of S.alopecuroides.

关 键 词：苦豆子 种子预处理 硫酸浸种 热水浸种 种子萌发 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学]