5528名军事飞行人员体检诊断新发病流行病学分析  

Epidemic investigation of new diseases in 5528 military aircrews detected during medical examination

作　　者：王天华 耿艳 李程飞 梁译之 王军艳 王晓慧 任从棉 王永春 WANG Tianhua;GENG Yan;LI Chengfei;LIANG Yizhi;WANG Junyan;WANG Xiaohui;REN Congmian;WANG Yongchun(Department ofLaboratory Pathology,Lintong Rehabilitation and Convalescent Centre of Joint Logistic Support Force,Xi'an 710600,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]临潼康复疗养中心检验病理科,西安710600 [2]临潼康复疗养中心精神心理科,西安710600 [3]临潼康复疗养中心疗养六科,西安710600 [4]空军医学大学航空航天医学系航空航天医学训练教研室,西安710032 [5]南京理工大学外语系,南京210094

出　　处：《空军航空医学》2023年第3期224-227,共4页AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE

基　　金：军队装备重点项目(KJ20201A020224)。

摘　　要：目的 分析军事飞行人员体检资料,了解其在体检中新发病的检出情况及疾病谱的变化特点,为飞行人员疾病预防和治疗提供数据支撑。方法 采用回顾性研究,按照《国家疾病分类与代码应用指导手册(ICD-10)》诊断新发病,收集2019年1月-2021年12月于临潼康复疗养中心行年度体检的5 528名飞行人员新发病数据,统计分析不同年度新发病患病率及前5位新发病构成比。结果 2019-2021年的飞行人员患病率与人均患病数量均呈逐年增加趋势。不同年度飞行人员年龄比较差异有统计学意义(F=4.10,P=0.017);不同年度飞行人员患病率及新发病患病率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=88.42、111.01,P均<0.001);不同年度飞行人员新发骨科疾病、新发呼吸道感染、新发皮肤疾病患病率比较差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.79、28.71、17.33,P均<0.001)。新发消化系统疾病以高胆红素血症、高转氨酶、脂肪肝、胆囊息肉疾病为主,呈逐年递减趋势。不同年度飞行人员新发消化系统疾病、新发慢性疾病(高尿酸、高血脂、高血压)、新发内分泌差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.02、19.96、24.82,P=0.002、<0.001、<0.001)。结论 2019-2021年军事飞行人员人均患病数量和患病率呈递增趋势,新发病种类有变化,应引起航空卫生保障人员重视并及早干预。Objective To analyze the data on physical examination of of military aircrews,find out about the detection rate of newly-detected diseases and the characteristics of the disease spectrum in order to provide data for prevention and treatment of diseases.Methods Retrospective research method was adopted,and the National Disease Classification and Code Application Guidance Manual(ICD-10)was used to diagnose newly-detected diseases.The data on newly-detected diseases among 5528 aircrews who underwent annual physical examinations at Lintong Rehabilitation and Convalescent Center between January 2019 and December 2021 was collected before the incidence of newlydetected diseases in different years and the composition ratio of the top five new diseases were analyzed.Results The incidence and number of diseases per capita among aircrews kept increasing in 2019,2020 and 2021.There was significant difference in the age of diseased aircrews between the three years(F=4.10,P=0.017).There was also significant difference in the incidence of diseases and in the incidence of newly-detected diseases between these years among these aircrews(x^(2)=88.42,111.01,both P<0.001).There was significant difference in the incidence of newly-detected orthopedic diseases,respiratory tract infections and skin diseases between these years among these aircrews(x^(2)=16.79,28.71,17.33,all P<0.001).Newly-detected digestive system diseases were dominated by hyperbilirubinemia,hypertransaminases,fatty liver and gallbladder polyp diseases,which trended down year by year.There was significant difference in the incidence of newly-detected digestive system diseases,chronic diseases(high uric acid,high blood lipids,hypertension)and endocrine diseases among the aircrews between these years(x^(2)=12.02,19.96,24.82,P=0.002,<0.001,<0.001).Conclusion From 2019 to 2021,the number and prevalence of diseases per capita among military aircrews trended down,and there were changes in the types of newly-detected diseases.Aviation health care providers should pay more

关 键 词：新发病 患病率 飞行人员 

分 类 号：R851[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]