华西秋雨与梅雨对三峡水库蓄水调度影响分析  

Influence of autumn rain of West China and Meiyu on impoundment operation of Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：郭生练[1] 李娜 王俊[1] 梁志明 GUO Shenglian;LI Na;WANG Jun;LIANG Zhiming(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;China Yangtze Power Co.,Ltd.,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国长江电力股份有限公司,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第7期69-74,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200305);湖北省自然科学基金联合基金项目(2022CFD169);三峡公司集团科研项目(0799452)。

摘　　要：长江中下游梅雨和上游华西秋雨分别发生于三峡水库主汛期前、后两个时期,是判断洪水遭遇与蓄水时机的重要依据。分析了梅雨和秋雨的时空分布特征、三峡水库7 d和15 d洪量系列的汛期分期及其对汛末蓄水的影响。结果表明:长江中下游梅雨发生在三峡水库主汛期前,长江上游华西秋雨最早8月21日开始;梅雨最晚8月8日结束,出梅后,长江中下游防洪压力减轻,三峡水库可提前释放城陵矶防洪库容;三峡水库8月29日进入后汛期,洪水量级适中,可考虑提前蓄水以充分利用秋汛洪水资源。综合梅雨、秋雨和三峡汛期分期的关键时间节点,在确保防洪安全的前提下,建议三峡水库自8月8日起实行汛期运行水位动态控制和提前蓄水调度。Meiyu in the middle-lower Changjiang River and the autumn rain of west China usually happen before and after the main flood season of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR),which are important bases for judging the flood coincidence and impoundment time.This study analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution of autumn rain and Meiyu,flood season division in TGR based on 7d and 15d flood volume series and its corresponding influence on impoundment operation at the end of flood season.It is shown that Meiyu occurs in the early main flood season of the TGR,while the autumn rain begins on August 21.In the end of Meiyu on August 8,the flood control pressure in the middle-lower Changjiang River is relieved,and the TGR can release the flood prevention storage capacity allocated for Chenglingji area in advance.When the TGR enters the post-flood season on August 29 with moderate flood magnitude,it can start refill operation in advance to use autumn flood resources.Considering the key time nodes of Meiyu,autumn rain and TGR flood season division,it is suggested that the TGR can implement dynamic control of water level and early refill operation after August 8 on the premise of ensuring flood control safety.

关 键 词：华西秋雨 梅雨 洪水分期 蓄水调度 三峡水库 

分 类 号：TV122.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]