国家级高新区比经开区更能促进地区创新发展吗?——基于准自然实验的证据  

Can National High-tech Zones Promote Regional Innovation Development Better than Economic Development Zones?——Evidence from a Quasi-natural Experiment

作　　者：孙龙[1] 雷良海[1] 李娜 Sun Long;Lei Lianghai;Li Na(Business School,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093;School of Economics,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学管理学院,上海200093 [2]上海财经大学经济学院,上海200433

出　　处：《管理评论》2023年第5期77-88,共12页Management Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BGL087);上海市软科学研究计划项目(18692103000);上海财经大学研究生创新基金项目(CXJJ-2020-357)。

摘　　要：由于缺乏统一方法及参照系的比较,不同类型国家级开发区政策影响的结论莫衷一是。本文基于开发区设立的准自然实验,利用我国285个地级市2001—2018年数据,采用渐进性双重差分法,以相同对照组比较分析了国家级经开区和高新区设立对地区创新发展的影响。结果发现:国家级高新区对地区创新发展促进作用显著,而经开区无影响;机制分析表明国家级高新区设立提高了政府财政补贴和税收优惠,但只有财政补贴促进了地区创新发展;政策叠加效应分析证明国家级高新区设立对经开区城市样本亦存在创新促进作用;异质性分析显示国家级高新区设立对不同地区创新发展作用存在边际效应递减规律。Due to the lack of unified method and reference system for comparison,the existing researches often reach inconsistent conclusions on what influence different types of national development zones have through their policies.Based on the quasi-natural experiment of the establishment of development zones and the data of 285 prefecture level cities in China from 2001 to 2018,this paper uses the progressive difference-in-difference method to compare and analyze the influence of the establishment of national economic development zones and high-tech zones on regional innovation and development with the same control group as reference.The results show that national high-tech zones play a significant role in promoting regional innovation and development,while economic development zones have no influence in this regard.Mechanism analysis shows that the establishment of national high-tech zones improves government financial subsidies and tax preferences,but only financial subsidies promote regional innovation and development.The analysis of policy superposition effect shows that the establishment of national high-tech zones also plays an innovative role in promoting the urban samples of the economic development zone.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the establishment of national high-tech zones has descending marginal benefits to regional innovation and development.

关 键 词：国家级经开区 国家级高新区 创新发展 双重差分 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济]