《资本论》视域下人工智能“机器换人”就业替代效应与创造效应三论  

Threefold Analysis of Employment Substitution Effect and Creation Effect of Artificial Intelligence“Machine Replacement”from the Perspective of On Capital

作　　者：孙宗岭 SUN Zongling(School of Marxism,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂大学马克思主义学院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《山东财经大学学报》2023年第4期5-11,共7页Journal of Shandong University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“资本创新系统研究”(21XKS027)。

摘　　要：人工智能“机器换人”就业替代效应与创造效应的未来样态、生成机制与应对策略是国内学界热议且尚未达成共识的三重时代难题。基于《资本论》视域,挖掘马克思关于机器就业替代效应与创造效应的论述得出:在资本逻辑宰制中,人工智能“机器换人”就业替代效应与创造效应呈现剧烈的替代效应与乏力的创造效应双重未来样态;在资本逻辑扩张中,人工智能“机器换人”就业替代效应与创造效应具有“技术—社会”集成的双重生成逻辑,在资本逻辑扩张的不同阶段呈现不同样态;面向未来样态,针对生成逻辑,遵循“智能增强人类”与“以工人为中心”的双重应对策略逐步完成对资本逻辑的历史性超越,方能实现人工智能“机器换人”就业替代效应的消解与创造效应的激活。The future pattern,generation mechanism and coping strategies of the employment substitution effect and creation effect of artificial intelligence“machine replacement”are the triple era problems that are hotly debated without reaching any consensus in the domestic academia.Based on the perspective of On Capital,this study excavates Marx’s exposition on the employment substitution effect and creation effect of machines and concludes that in the capital logic domination,the employment substitution effect and creation effect of artificial intelligence“machine replacement”present a dual future pattern of intense substitution effect and weak creation effect;in capital logical expansion,the employment substitution effect and creation effect of artificial intelligence“machine replacement”have a dual generation logic of“technology-society”integration and show different patterns in different stages of capital logical expansion;and that facing its future patterns and targeting its generation logic,only by following the dual coping strategies of“intelligence enhancing human beings”and“worker-centeredness”to gradually complete the historical transcendence of capital logic can the elimination of the employment substitution effect of artificial intelligence“machine replacement”and the activation of creation effect be realized.

关 键 词：人工智能 机器换人 替代效应 创造效应 

分 类 号：F061[经济管理—政治经济学]