臭氧浓度升高对小白菜叶片生理特性的影响随暴露时间的变化研究  被引量:2

Change in effects of elevated ozone concentration on physiological characteristics of Brassica pekinensis leaves with prolonged exposure time

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作  者:高艺芹 王效科[2] 万五星[1] 冯美琪 张丹红 耿春梅[3] 殷宝辉[3] 张楠[3] 宋蕊 刘颖[1] GAO Yiqin;WANG Xiaoke;WAN Wuxing;FENG Meiqi;ZHANG Danhong;GENG Chunmei;YIN Baohui;ZHANG Nan;SONG Rui;LIU Ying(College of Life Sciences,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050016,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区:[1]河北师范大学生命科学学院,石家庄050016 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出  处:《农业环境科学学报》2023年第7期1454-1464,共11页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基  金:国家大气污染防治攻关联合中心项目(DQGG2021202);国家自然科学基金项目(31971509)。

摘  要:为探究近地面臭氧(O3)浓度升高对植物的不良影响随暴露时间延长的变化情况,本研究以小白菜(Brassica pekinensis)为研究对象,采用开顶式气室(OTC),设置4种O3浓度水平,即环境浓度(NF),环境浓度+40 nmol·mol^(-1)(NF40),环境浓度+80 nmol·mol^(-1)(NF80),环境浓度+120 nmol·mol^(-1)(NF120)。根据小白菜叶绿素(Chl)、类胡萝卜素(Car)、可溶性蛋白(SP)、可溶性糖(SS)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶活性(PEPC)、丙二醛(MDA)、抗坏血酸(AsA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)与O3暴露剂量(AOT40)的线性模型截距与模型斜率在不同测定时间的关系,明确O3浓度升高对小白菜叶片生理特征的影响随暴露时间的变化规律。研究发现,累积熏蒸28 d时,随着O3浓度升高,与NF组相比,NF40、NF80、NF120组小白菜叶片Chl,Car和SP含量分别减少19.09%、30.45%、33.66%,12.85%、24.69%、27.78%和26.30%、37.89%、38.16%(P<0.05),而叶片MDA,SS,GSH,AsA,T-AOC含量分别增加31.11%、33.42%、75.23%,165.61%、207.08%、306.00%,78.30%、89.08%、162.09%,14.47%、15.11%、92.35%,27.87%、32.84%、42.61%。结果表明,O3浓度升高会造成小白菜叶片光合色素下降和生理伤害增加,并诱使小白菜抵御O3胁迫的抗氧化能力增强。随着O3暴露时间延长,叶片中Chl、Car、SP、MDA对O3的敏感性(即指标对单位O3暴露剂量变化的响应大小)减弱(P<0.05),而SS、GSH、AsA、T-AOC对O3敏感性无显著变化,说明随着暴露时间延长O3胁迫对小白菜叶片生理特征的影响强度呈下降趋势,小白菜对O3胁迫的敏感性降低。研究表明,长时间高浓度O3熏蒸降低了小白菜的光合作用,提高了抗氧化能力,最终导致生物量降低,同时降低了小白菜对O3胁迫的敏感性。The objective of this study was to quantify the adverse interaction effects of increased near-surface ozone(O3)concentration and prolonged exposure time on physiological indices of Brassica pekinensis leaves based on open-top chamber(OTC)analysis.The responses of physiological indices of B.pekinensis leaves were measured to the following four O3 concentration levels:ambient environmental concentration(NF);environmental concentration+40 nmol·mol^(-1)(NF40);environmental concentration+80 nmol·mol^(-1)(NF80);and environmental concentration+120 nmol·mol^(-1)(NF120).The relationship between intercept and slope of the best-fit linear models was temporally assessed with respect to different observation times,and the following physiological indices of B.pekinensis were analyzed:chlorophyll(Chl),carotenoid(Car),soluble protein(SP),soluble sugar(SS),phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity(PEPC),malondialdehyde(MDA),ascorbic acid(AsA),glutathione(GSH),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),and O3 exposure dose(AOT40).With the increased O3 concentration after 28-d cumulative fumigation,the Chl,Car,and SP contents declined by 19.09%,30.45%,and 33.66%;12.85%,24.69%,and 27.78%;and 26.30%,37.89%,and 38.16%in response to NF40,NF80,and NF120,respectively,relative to the NF control group(P<0.05).The contents of MDA,SS,GSH,AsA,and T-AOC rose by 31.11%,33.42%,and 75.23%;165.61%,207.08%,and 306.00%;78.30%,89.08%,and 162.09%;14.47%,15.11%,and 92.35%;and 27.87%,32.84%,and 42.61%in response to NF40,NF80,and NF120,respectively,relative to the NF control group.The increased O3 concentration decreased the photosynthetic pigment,increased the physiological injury,and induced the antioxidant ability of B.pekinensis leaves to resist O3 stress.With the prolonged O3 exposure time,the sensitivity of Chl,Car,SP,and MDA to O3 fell(P<0.05),while the sensitivity of SS,GSH,AsA,and TAOC to O3 did not change significantly.This shows that the effect intensity of O3 on the physiological indices of B.pekinensis leaves declined with the prolonged exposure ti

关 键 词:O3浓度 暴露时间 开顶式气室(OTC) 小白菜 生理特征 

分 类 号:S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] X515[农业科学—园艺学] X503.23[环境科学与工程—环境工程]

 

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