三七-土壤系统重金属分布特征及健康风险评价  

Distribution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in a Panax notoginseng-soil system

作　　者：吴涵 何忠俊[1] 孟溪 陆春围 梁社往[2] WU Han;HE Zhongjun;MENG Xi;LU Chunwei;LIANG Shewang(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第7期1477-1486,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81860679);云南省社会发展科技计划项目(2010CA027)。

摘　　要：为了探索云南三七[Panax notoginseng(Bruk)F.H.Chen]种植地土壤及植株中的重金属分布特征及其对人体造成的健康风险,本研究通过对三七产区随机采样和室内测定,采用单项污染指数法、内梅罗指数法计算三七种植地土壤的污染情况,并对三七中重金属对人体造成的健康风险进行了评估。结果表明:三七种植区土壤Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、As的超标率分别为51.7%、10.0%、80.0%、8.33%、65.0%,4个片区污染水平依次为红河玉溪片区>昆明曲靖片区>文山片区>大理保山片区。三七块根Cd、As的超标率分别为1.67%、5.00%,Cu、Pb没有超标。芦头Cu、Cd、Pb、As的超标率分别为1.67%、5.00%、3.33%、1.67%。块根和芦头的综合非致癌指数(HI)均大于限量标准,均值分别为1.20和2.33,贡献率最大的因子均为Cu。两部位的综合致癌指数(TCR)也均高于限量标准,均值分别为2.21×10^(−4)和2.39×10^(−4),贡献率最大的因子均为Cd。HI和TCR均为芦头高于块根。研究表明,三七种植区已经出现了一定程度的重金属污染问题,且服用三七存在潜在的健康风险。建议控制三七的摄入量和服用期限或以提取药效成分服用。To explore the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in soil and plants of Panax notoginseng(Bruk)F.H.Chen in the planting area of Yunnan,and their impact on human health,this study performed random sampling and laboratory measurements in the Panax notoginseng production area.To assess soil pollution,the single pollution index and Nemero index methods were used,and the presence of heavy metals was evaluated for human health risks.We found that the rates of Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,and As were excessive in the soil samples of Panax notoginseng planting area,where levels were 51.7%,10.0%,80.0%,8.33%,and 65.0%above the standard limits,respectively.The pollution levels of the four areas were in the following order:Honghe Yuxi>Kunming Qujing>Wenshan>Dali Baoshan.The rates of Cd and As in the Panax notoginseng root tuber were 1.67% and 5.00% above the standard limits,respectively;however,Cu and Pb did not exceed standard limits.The rates of Cu,Cd,Pb,and As in the Panax notoginseng rhizome were 1.67%,5.00%,3.33%,and 1.67%above the standard limits,respectively.Noticeably,the health risk index(HI)of the Panax notoginseng root tuber and rhizome were greater than the standard limit,with averages of 1.20 and 2.33,respectively.Cu had the largest contribution to the HI out of all the metals.The comprehensive carcinogenic index(TCR)of the two parts was also higher than the standard limit,with averages of 2.21×10^(−4) and 2.39×10^(−4),respectively,and Cd had the maximum contribution.The HI and TCR of the rhizome were higher than that of the root tuber.These data indicate that the Panax notoginseng planting area suffers from a heavy metal pollution problem.

关 键 词：三七 土壤 重金属 风险评估 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4