三种免疫检测法对乙型肝炎血清学标志物的检测价值分析  

Analysis of the value of three immunoassays for the detection of serological markers of hepatitisB

作　　者：朱晓雨 ZHU Xiao-yu(Department of Laboratory,Nuclear industry General Hospital of Liaoning Health Industry Group,Huludao 125100,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省健康产业集团核工业总医院检验科,125100

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2023年第13期89-91,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

摘　　要：目的比较胶体金免疫层析法、酶联免疫法及化学发光免疫分析法对乙型肝炎血清学标志物的检测价值。方法57例疑似乙型肝炎患者为研究对象,分别采用胶体金免疫层析法、酶联免疫法及化学发光免疫分析法检测乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)、乙型肝炎e抗体(HBeAb)及乙型肝炎核心抗体(HBcAb)。以实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检验结果作为金标准,比较三种检测方法对乙型肝炎血清学标志物的阳性检出率及对HBsAb的检测结果和诊断效能(准确性、特异度及灵敏度)。结果实时荧光定量PCR检验结果显示阳性21例,阴性36例。胶体金免疫层析法、酶联免疫法及化学发光免疫分析法对HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAb、HBeAg、HBcAb的阳性检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。胶体金免疫层析法对HBsAg的诊断灵敏度为65.22%、特异度为76.47%、准确性为71.93%;酶联免疫法对HBsAg的诊断灵敏度为71.43%、特异度为77.78%、准确性为75.44%;化学发光免疫分析法对HBsAg的诊断灵敏度为90.91%、特异度为91.43%、准确性为91.23%。化学发光免疫分析法对HBsAg的诊断准确性及灵敏度均高于胶体金免疫层析法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);化学发光免疫法对HBsAg的诊断准确性高于酶联免疫法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对乙型肝炎血清学标志物应用不同免疫检测法均有优缺点,其中化学发光免疫分析法具有较高灵敏度和特异性,临床可依据不同检测项目选择最为合适的检测方法,以确保检测结果的可靠性。Objective To compare the value of colloidal gold immunochromatography,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence immunoassay for the detection of serological markers of hepatitis B.Methods 57 patients with suspected hepatitis B virus were studied.Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb),hepatitis Be antigen(HBeAg),hepatitis Be antibody(HBeAb)and hepatitis B core antibody(HBcAb)were detected by colloidal gold immunochromatography,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence immunoassay,respectively.The results of the real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)test were used as the gold standard to compare the positive detection rates of the three assays for the serological markers of hepatitis B,as well as the detection results and diagnostic efficacy(accuracy,specificity and sensitivity).Results Real-time quantitative PCR results showed positive in 21 cases and negative in 36 cases.There was no statistically significant difference in the positive detection rates of HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAb,HBeAg and HBcAb by colloidal gold immunochromatography,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence immunoassay(P>0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of colloidal gold immunochromatography for HBsAg were 65.22%,76.47%and 71.93%;the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of ELISA for HBsAg were 71.43%,77.78%and 75.44%;the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of chemiluminescence immunoassay for HBsAg were 90.91%,91.43%and 91.23%.The diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of chemiluminescence immunoassay for HBsAg were higher than that of colloidal gold immunochromatography,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The diagnostic accuracy of chemiluminescence immunoassay for HBsAg was higher than that of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion There are advantages and disadvantages of applying different immunoassays for serological markers of hepatitis B,among which chemilumin

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 血清学标志物 胶体金免疫层析法 酶联免疫法 化学发光免疫分析法 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R446.6[医药卫生—临床医学]