不同形态烟碱的释放和生理效应差异研究进展  

Progress in the release and physiological effects of different forms of nicotine

作　　者：韩书磊 张浩[1,2,3] 陈欢 侯宏卫 胡清源[1,2,3] HAN Shulei;ZHANG Hao;CHEN Huan;HOU Hongwei;HU Qingyuan(Beijing Life Science Academy,Beijing 102200,China;Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects,Zhengzhou 450001,China;China National Tobacco Quality Supervision&Test Center,Zhengzhou 450001,China 4.Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京生命科技研究院,北京102200 [2]烟草生物学效应重点实验室,河南郑州450001 [3]国家烟草质量监督检验中心,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《轻工学报》2023年第4期69-76,共8页Journal of Light Industry

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大专项项目(110202101018(XX-04),110202001007(XX-03));国家烟草质量监督检验中心烟草控制框架公约科技项目(552018AQ0090)。

摘　　要：烟草及烟草制品中存在不同形态的烟碱,其含量的差异对烟草制品有较大影响。在概述烟碱形态的基础上,着重对不同形态烟碱在释放量和生理效应等方面的差异进行综述,指出:由于理化性质差异,烟草制品中的游离烟碱更易释放到气溶胶中;感官特性方面,游离烟碱的刺激性更高,烟碱盐相对更柔和;吸收率方面,由于存在多种给药方式,不同形态烟碱的吸收率存在差异;毒性方面,总体上游离烟碱毒性小于烟碱盐,但烟碱盐的毒性因酸根离子的种类而异;致瘾性方面,烟碱盐的致瘾性可能高于游离烟碱,且可能因酸根离子的种类而异。未来应对游离烟碱和烟碱盐的吸收率、毒性、致瘾性等生理效应的差异及潜在机制进行深入探究,以更好地指导烟碱盐在烟草制品中的应用。There are different forms of nicotine in tobacco and tobacco products,and the differences in their contents significantly impact tobacco products.Based on a brief review of nicotine forms,the research on the differences in the release and physiological effects of different forms of nicotine is reviewed.It pointed out that:due to differences in physicochemical properties,freebase nicotine in tobacco products is more easily released into the aerosol;in terms of sensory effects and freebase nicotine is more irritating,and nicotine salts are relatively softer;in terms of absorption rate,due to the existence of multiple modes of administration,the absorption rate of different forms of nicotine exists in terms of toxicity,free nicotine is generally less toxic than nicotine salts,but the toxicity of nicotine salts varies depending on the type of acid ions;in terms of addictiveness,nicotine salts may be more addictive than free nicotine and may vary depending on the type of acid ions.In the future,the differences in absorption rate,toxicity and addictive physiological effects of freebase nicotine and nicotine salts and their potential mechanisms should be thoroughly investigated to better guide the application of nicotine salts in tobacco products.

关 键 词：烟碱盐 游离烟碱 质子化烟碱 释放量 生理效应 

分 类 号：TS413[农业科学—烟草工业]