不同重金属对土壤中四溴双酚A环境归趋的影响  

Effect of different heavy metals on the fate of TBBPA in two kinds of soil

作　　者：辜建强 王永峰[2,3] 季荣 GU Jianqiang;WANG Yongfeng;JI Rong(Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environment Science,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Nanjing,210000,China;State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023,China;Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry,Nanjing University,Quanzhou,362000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境科学研究院江苏省环境工程重点实验室,南京210000 [2]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室南京大学环境学院,南京210023 [3]泉州南京大学环保产业研究院,泉州362000

出　　处：《环境化学》2023年第7期2242-2250,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2019YFC1804004);江苏省科技创新专项(BK20220036);江苏省环境工程重点实验室开放课题(ZX2018009);福建省自然科学基金(2021J05107)资助.

摘　　要：四溴双酚A(TBBPA)和重金属的复合污染情况常见于电子电器拆解厂或回收站周边土壤,而重金属对TBBPA在土壤环境中的降解、转化和残留的影响尚不清晰.本研究利用14C标记的TBBPA来探索不同浓度水平重金属(Cu、Cd和Zn)对两种土壤(红壤和乌栅土)中TBBPA降解转化、矿化、不可提取态残留形成等环境行为的影响.经60 d培养,乌栅土中92.2%±0.5%的TBBPA被转化为不可提取态残留或代谢产物,其中7.2%±0.8%被彻底矿化为CO_(2);灭菌作用极大地抑制了乌栅土中TBBPA不可提取态残留的形成(由77.2%降至9.9%),表明土壤微生物在不可提取态残留的形成中起到关键作用.而红壤中仅有9.9%±0.5%的TBBPA被转化成不可提取态残留,<0.5%被矿化为CO_(2),与灭菌对照组无显著差异.当土壤重金属(>500μmol·kg^(−1))存在时,乌栅土中TBBPA矿化和不可提取态残留形成率分别降低14%—78%和31%—86%,而可提取态TBBPA(即生物可利用态)增加0.5—4.4倍,其中水溶态残留增加0.3—1.5倍,进而增加TBBPA在土壤中的持久性和生物有效性.随着重金属浓度增加,其对TBBPA降解转化的抑制效果也显著增强,在相同摩尔浓度下,不同重金属的抑制效应强度为Cd>Cu≈Zn;而在工业用地土壤重金属背景浓度范围内,Cu和Zn的抑制效应则远高于Cd.本研究结果为正确评价重金属和TBBPA复合污染土壤中TBBPA的环境行为和风险提供了理论支撑.The co-exist of tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)and heavy metals is common in electrical and electronic dismantling plants or recycling stations,but the effect of heavy metals on the degradation and transformation of TBBPA in soil environment is still unknown.Therefore,we used 14C-labeled TBBPA to explore the effects of heavy metals(Cu,Cd and Zn)on the transformation,mineralization and bound residue formation of TBBPA in different soils with different heavy metal concentrations level.After 60 days of incubation,92.2%±0.5%of TBBPA was converted into bound residues or metabolites,and only 7.2%±0.8%of TBBPA was mineralized into CO_(2).Sterilization greatly inhibited the formation of TBBPA bound residues(from 77.2%to 9.9%)in Wushan soil,indicating that soil microorganisms played a key role in the formation of TBBPA bound residues.Moreover,only 9.9%±0.5%of TBBPA was converted into bound residues in red soil,and less than 0.5%was mineralized,which was not significantly different from the sterilized control.With the presence of heavy metals(>500μmol·kg^(−1)),the mineralization and bound residues formation of TBBPA decreased by 14%—78%and 31%—86%,respectively.While,the extractable TBBPA(bioavailability)increased by 0.5—4.4 times,and the water-soluble residual increased by 0.3—1.5 times,resulting the increase of persistence and bioavailability of TBBPA in soil.With the increase of the concentration of heavy metals,the inhibition effect on TBBPA degradation and transformation was also significantly enhanced.Cd shown stronger effect than Zn and Cu under the same molar concentration.However,considering the background concentration of heavy metals in industrial land,the inhibition effect of Cu and Zn on TBBPA degradation and transformation was much higher than that of Cd.Our study provided theoretical support for correctly evaluating the persistence and effectiveness of TBBPA in heavy metal co-contaminated sites,such as electronic product recycling stations and waste sites.

关 键 词：四溴双酚A 重金属 环境归趋 复合污染. 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]