底物质量分数对牛粪玉米秸秆联合厌氧消化性能的影响  

Effects of Substrate Mass Fraction on the Mixed Anaerobic Digestion Performance of Cow Dung and Corn Straw

作　　者：朱教宁 李永平 汤昀 史向远[1,2] 王秀红 张静璇 高莉 郭常莲 ZHU Jiaoning;LI Yongping;TANG Yun;SHI Xiangyuan;WANG Xiuhong;ZHANG Jingxuan;GAO Li;GUO Changian(Shanxi Academy of Organic Dryland Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;State Key Laboratory of Integrative Sustainable Dryland Agriculture(in preparation),Taiyuan 030031,China;College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学山西有机旱作农业研究院,山西太原030031 [2]省部共建有机旱作农业国家重点实验室(筹),山西太原030031 [3]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太原030031 [4]山西农业大学,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第8期904-911,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西农业大学学术恢复科研专项(2020xshf77);山西省重点研发计划项目(202102140601012);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901105);山西省科技重大专项计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(202101140601026);山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题优秀青年基金项目(YCX2020YQ19);山西省农业科学院农业科技创新工程科研创新团队培育专项(YGC2019TD07)。

摘　　要：采用批量厌氧消化方式,开展牛粪玉米秸秆不同挥发性固体(VS)质量分数(3%(T_(1))、5%(T_(2))、7%(T_(3))、9%(T_(4))、11%(T_(5)))的厌氧消化试验,测定和分析不同VS质量分数条件下的产气特性、有机物去除率及消化系统的稳定性,研究挥发性固体质量分数对牛粪玉米秸秆中温联合厌氧消化性能的影响。结果表明,容积产甲烷率随底物VS质量分数的提升而增加,但增幅逐渐减小;VS产甲烷量随底物VS质量分数的提升呈先升高后降低的趋势,其中,T_(3)处理的VS产甲烷量最高,为199.9 mL/g,分别较T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(4)、T_(5)处理高30.0%、15.1%、11.7%、21.7%,且达显著水平;VS去除率则随底物VS质量分数的升高而降低,T_(1)处理的VS去除率为74.8%,T_(2)、T_(3)处理分别为64.0%、61.0%,而T_(4)、T_(5)处理分别仅为36.8%、33.1%,较T_(1)处理分别降低38.0、41.7百分点。T_(1)~T_(3)处理整个消化周期的挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)均小于1000 mg/L,VFAs/碱度(TA)小于0.3,消化系统始终处于稳定状态;T_(4)、T_(5)处理的VFAs出现累积,VFAs/TA大于0.3,消化系统不稳定。因此,为保证沼气工程的健康稳定运行,底物VS质量分数以7%为宜。In order to study the effects of volatile solid(VS)mass fraction on the mixed anaerobic digestion performance of cow dung and corn straw under the condition of mesophilic,in this study,batch anaerobic digestion experiments with different volatile solid mass fraction of 3%(T_(1)),5%(T_(2)),7%(T_(3)),9%(T_(4))and 11%(T_(5))were carried out,and the gas production characteristics,organic removal rate and digestion system stability under different VS mass fraction conditions were determined and analyzed.The results showed that the volume methane production rate increased with the increase of substrate VS mass fraction,but the increase rate decreased gradually.VS methane production firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of substrate VS mass fraction.The highest VS methane production of 199.9 mL/g was obtained at T_(3),which was 30.0%,15.1%,11.7%and 21.7%significantly higher than that of T_(1),T_(2),T_(4) and T_(5),respectively.The VS removal rate decreased with the increase of substrate VS mass fraction.The VS removal rate of T_(1) was 74.8%,T_(2),T_(3) were 64.0%,61.0%,respectively,while T_(4) and T_(5) were only 36.8%and 33.1%,which were 38.0 and 41.7 percentage points lower than that of T_(1),respectively.The volatile fatty acids(VFAs)of T_(1)-T_(3) in the whole digestion cycle was less than 1000 mg/L and VFAs/total alkalinity(TA)was lower than 0.3,indicating the stability of the digestion system.The accumulation of VFAs were appeared in T_(4) and T_(5) and VFAs/TA was greater than 0.3,indicating the instability of the digestion system.Therefore,in order to ensure the healthy and stable operation of biogas project,substrate VS mass fraction was appropriate at 7%.

关 键 词：挥发性固体质量分数 牛粪 玉米秸秆 联合厌氧消化 产气特性 有机物去除率 稳定性分析 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]