缩行带状种植和保水剂对滴灌燕麦根系和叶片衰老特性的影响  

Impact of Planting Spacing and Soil Amendment with Water Absorbent on Root and Leave Senescence Traits of Drip Irrigated Oat

作　　者：田露[1,2] 刘景辉 米俊珍[1] 赵宝平[1] 李英浩[1] 张胜 王凤梧[3] 焦伟红 徐振朋 郑成忠 TIAN Lu;LIU Jinghui;MI Junzhen;ZHAO Baoping;LI Yinghao;ZHANG Sheng;WANG Fengwu;JIAO Weihong;XU Zhenpeng;ZHENG Chengzhong(Agronomy College,Inner Mongolia Agriculture University,Hohhot 010019,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Science,Hohhot 010031,China;Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Ulanqab,Jining 012000,China;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecological Resources Protection Center of Ulanqab,Jining 012000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031 [3]乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,内蒙古集宁012000 [4]乌兰察布市农牧业生态资源保护中心,内蒙古集宁012000

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2023年第7期1-9,共9页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项项目(2018YFE0107900);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-07-B-4);内蒙古自治区“草原英才”创新团队项目;全国农业科研杰出人才及其科技创新团队项目。

摘　　要：【目的】探究建立滴灌燕麦的高效种植方法,明确其对燕麦根系和叶片部分衰老特性的影响。【方法】于2019—2020年设置主区行距配置等行距20 cm种植(A)、缩行15 cm带状种植(B)、缩行10 cm带状种植(C)3个水平和副区保水剂0(N)和22.5 kg/hm2(Y)2个水平的裂区试验,分析行距和保水剂对燕麦根系、旗叶衰老特征的影响。【结果】(1)行距、保水剂均能极显著(p<0.01)或显著(p<0.05)影响燕麦根系活力、根系和旗叶SOD、MDA量和可溶性蛋白量;二者交互作用对各指标的影响在不同生育时期间表现不一致,其中开花期和灌浆期极显著(p<0.01)或显著(p<0.05)影响了根系活力、根系SOD量、旗叶SOD、旗叶MDA量和旗叶可溶性蛋白量,显著(p<0.05)影响了根系可溶性蛋白量,对根系MDA量无显著影响。(2)不论是否施用保水剂,3种种植行距根系活力、根系和旗叶SOD活性、可溶性蛋白量均表现为处理B>处理A>处理C;根系和旗叶MDA量则表现为处理C>处理A>处理B。在施用保水剂(Y)的条件下,与处理A相比,2019年和2020年不同生育时期处理B显著提高根系活力5.56%~15.27%、根系和旗叶SOD活性4.78%~5.89%和3.98%~10.62%、根系和旗叶可溶性蛋白量15.20%~23.74%和5.89%~15.04%、显著降低根系和旗叶MDA量11.79%~13.86%和6.01%~14.08%;处理C则在除根系可溶性蛋白量外其余指标表现显著降低,根系和旗叶MDA量显著提高。在不施用保水剂(N)条件下,3种种植方式的显著性差异在不同年限和不同生育时期表现不一致。(3)同种种植行距下,与不施用保水剂(N)相比,仅有处理B中施用保水剂(Y)能够在2019—2020年不同生育时期均显著提高根系活力7.52%~15.75%、根系和旗叶SOD活性3.21%~6.47%和7.25%~10.47%、根系和旗叶可溶性蛋白量18.01%~22.47%和4.87%~9.10%,显著降低根系和旗叶MDA量8.79%~13.96%和7.35%~11.67%,处理A和处理C在不同年限、不同生育时期各指标显著性差异不一致。(4)【Objective】Roots and leaves are highly influenced by a multitude of biotic and abiotic factors.Taking oat under drip irrigation as an example,this study delves into the response of its root and leave traits to planting density and soil amendment with water absorbent polymer.【Method】The field experiment was conducted in 2019—2020 with intra-row planting spacing being 20 cm,and the inter-row planting spacing being 20 cm(A),15 cm(B)and 10 cm(C),respectively.In each treatment there were two soil amendments by applying 0 and 22.5 kg/hm2 of a water absorbent polymer.Senescence traits of the roots and flag leaves in each treatment were measured.【Result】①Both row spacing and soil amendment affected root activity,SOD and MDA content,and soluble protein content in the roots and leaves significantly with P<0.01 or P<0.05.The combined effect of row spacing and soil amendments on root and leaf traits varied with growth stage.In the flowering and filling stages,the combined effect of planting spacing and soil amendment was significant with P<0.01 or P<0.05 on SOD content in roots and leaves,MDA content in root and soluble protein in the roots the leaves,but insignificant on MDA content in the roots.②Regardless of soil amendment,the impact of row spacing on root activity,SOD activity in the roots and leaves and soluble protein in the roots and leaves was ranked in the order of B>A>C,while the impact on MDA content in the roots and leaves was in the order of C>A>B.Combined with soil amendment,reducing row spacing from 20 cm to 15 cm increased root activity,SOD activity in the roots and leaves,soluble protein content in the roots and leaves by 5.56%~15.27%,4.78%~5.89%,3.98%~10.62%,5.20%~23.74%and 5.89%~15.04%respectively,while reducing MDA content in the roots and leaves by 11.79%~13.86%and 6.01%~14.08%,respectively.Reducing the row spacing further to 10 cm significantly reduced the above traits,except the soluble protein content,which did not show significant changes,and MDA content in the roots and leaves,whic

关 键 词：燕麦 滴灌 行距 保水剂 保护酶 

分 类 号：S631.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]