不同初始含水率下风沙土地下渗灌水分运移特性研究  

Impact of Initial Soil Water Content on Infiltration of Irrigation Water in Aeolian Sandy Soil

作　　者：马宏秀 孙权[1] 鲁海涛 马文礼[2] 蒋鹏[1] 张晓娟[1] 蔡崭红[2] 贾登成 MA Hongxiu;SUN Quan;LU Haitao;MA Wenli;JIANG Peng;ZHANG Xiaojuan;CAI Zhanhong;JIA Dengcheng(Agricultural College of Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Agriculture,Forestry and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Service Center,Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Group,Yinchuan 750011,China;State-owned Jianquan Farm,Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Group,Shizuishan 753299,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏农垦农林牧技术推广服务中心,银川750011 [3]宁夏农垦国营简泉农场,宁夏石嘴山753299

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2023年第7期52-59,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划与宁夏农垦自主研发计划项目(NXNK2022-Z03)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究风沙土埋设新型地下渗灌系统后土体水分运移规律,明确地下渗灌管适宜的埋设间距和埋土深度。【方法】运用室外土箱模拟试验,监测了不同初始含水率(5.1%、11.5%、16.8%)湿润体承压后土壤水分入渗趋势和再分布规律,并运用数学模型对入渗过程进行了拟合。【结果】地下渗灌下湿润体形状近似以渗灌管为中心的椭圆状,同一时段初始含水率越大,湿润锋运移速率越快,累计入渗量和入渗速率越小,累积入渗量和入渗时间呈幂函数关系,而入渗指数则随初始含水率的增大而增大;与Kostiakov模型(R^(2)为0.783)、Philip模型(R^(2)为0.785)和通用经验模型(R2为0.923)相比,Horton模型(R^(2)为0.943)对不同初始含水率下风沙土入渗过程拟合效果较好,该模型更适用于描述地下渗灌风沙土的水分入渗过程;初始含水率为5.1%、11.5%、16.8%条件下,渗灌管适宜埋深应分别小于10、20、30 cm,管间距应分别小于30、60、90 cm,【结论】综上可知,风沙土湿度越大,渗灌管埋深越深,管间距可相应增大。【Objective】The movement of irrigation water in soil is an important parameter in irrigation design.It is affected by many factors.This paper investigates the impact of initial soil water on infiltration of subsurface irrigation water in an aeolian sandy soil.【Method】The outdoor experiment was conducted in tanks repacked with the sandy soil,with the initial soil water content controlled at 5.1%,11.5%,16.8%.The movement of the wet zone in each treatment was monitored visually.Infiltration processed was simulated by different analytical models.【Result】The wet zone in all treatments was approximately elliptical,with the center located at the perfusion pipe.Increasing initial soil water content accelerated the movement of the wetting front but reduced the cumulative infiltration amount and infiltration rate.The cumulative infiltration amount increased with infiltration time in a power-law function,and the infiltration index increased with the initial water content.Comparison with measured data revealed that the R^(2) of the Kostiakov model,Philip model,empirical model and Horton model was 0.783,0.785,0.923 and 0.943,respectively.When the initial water content was 5.1%,11.5%and 16.8%,the burial depth of the irrigation pipe should not exceed 10,20 and 30 cm,respectively,and the associated pipe spacing not exceed 30,60 and 90 cm,respectively.【Conclusion】Increasing initial soil water content in aeolian sandy soil allows the irrigation pipes to be buried deeper and spaced widely.These findings are helpful for designing subsurface irrigation in aeolian sandy soil which is common in northwestern China.

关 键 词：风沙土 地下渗灌 入渗特性 初始含水率 

分 类 号：S275.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]