机翼型闸墩量水闸门自动测流系统研发  

An Automatic System for Measuring Water Flow in Airfoil-shaped-pier Sluice

作　　者：王世隆 王文娥[1] 刘政光 陈土成 刘渡坤 胡笑涛[1] WANG Shilong;WANG Wen’e;LIU Zhengguang;CHEN Tucheng;LIU Dukun;HU Xiaotao(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2023年第7期123-130,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U2243235);陕西省水利科技计划项目(2021slkj-8)。

摘　　要：【目的】研发适用于小型矩形渠道的流量自动测量设施及系统,分析测流原理,建立流量公式,实现自动化测流。【方法】将机翼形量水槽与平板闸门结合,形成机翼型闸墩量水闸门流量测量设施。通过水力性能试验,分析不同流量和闸门开度下的过流特性。以STC89C51RC为核心研发自动测流系统,包括测流设施、数据处理与通讯设施及动力设施3个主要组成部分。【结果】机翼型闸墩量水闸门的闸孔出流与堰流的判别阈值为0.77~0.82,通过不同闸门开度下的淹没度判别自由出流和淹没出流,建立了闸孔出流和堰流的流量计算公式;应用超声波传感技术获取水位、闸门开度等信息,编写内置流量计算软件,实时采集和输出渠道流量;采用光伏设施提供系统所需动力。【结论】机翼型闸墩量水闸门自动测流系统测流精度较高,可为灌区小型矩形渠道自动化测流提供参考。【Background and Objective】Automation of water measurement is a crucial to developing water-saving agriculture and enhancing irrigation water utilization efficiency.Although water measurement technologies for large canals have reached a mature stage,there is a significant technology gap in the context of small channels.The objective of this paper is to address this gap by developing an automatic flow measurement system specifically designed for small rectangular channels.【Method】The proposed automatic flow measurement system for small rectangular channels utilizes an innovative design featuring an airfoil-shaped sluice gate.The system comprises an airfoil-shaped measuring flume and a flat gate,with the core functionality implemented using the STC89C51RC microcontroller.The system incorporates essential components such as flow measurement facilities,data processing and communication facilities,as well as power facilities.To assess its performance,extensive hydraulic performance tests were conducted,analyzing the system's behavior under various flow rates and gate openings.【Result】The threshold for determining the outflow of the airfoil gate pier was between 0.77 and 0.82.The flow formulae for gate outflow and weir flow were established based on the submerge of the gate at different gate openings.Based on water level and gate opening measured using the ultrasonic sensing technology,an automatic control and communication system was developed using the STC89C51RC microcontroller.The real-time outlet flow was collected by a built-in flow calculation module,and the system was powered by a photovoltaic facility.【Conclusion】The proposed automatic flow measurement system using airfoil gate pier is accurate.It has potential for automating flow measurement in small rectangular channels in irrigation districts.

关 键 词：槽闸组合 闸孔出流 超声波传感器 自动测流 

分 类 号：TV663[水利工程—水利水电工程]