语境信息对词汇语用信息认知理解的构建——来自ERP的证据  

The Construction of Cognitive Understanding of Contextual Information on Lexical Pragmatic Information--Evidence from ERP

作　　者：侯晓舟[1] 朱琳 HOU Xiaozhou;ZHU Lin(College of Foreign Languages,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071002;Affiliated Hospital,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学外国语学院,河北保定071002 [2]河北大学附属医院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第4期73-87,共15页Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目“基于语料库语用学的汉英双语词汇语用信息研究”(HB19YY018)。

摘　　要：语言语境即上下文语境,影响词汇的临时性意义构建。当前,具体语境下的词汇意义构建问题是认知语义学及词汇语用学的重要研究内容,已有学者展开理论性研究。事件相关电位技术(ERPs)中的N400指标主要识别语义违反,其作为语义违反特异性ERP组分,是研究语境意义构建过程的重要指标。本研究将同一词语分别放置在字面义倾向语境、引申义倾向语境两种语境中,采用ERP技术,通过对语义敏感成分N400进行分析,试探究词汇语用信息的认知机制。通过对比被试在两种语境下的实时N400指标变化,可知字面义倾向语境下N400效应不明显,未出现明显的语义违反,在引申义倾向语境下,关键词后出现明显的N400效应。实验表明,语境信息作用下的词汇语用信息激活是一个动态的认知过程,激活词汇的引申义需要付出更多认知努力。Linguistic context,also known as contextual context,affects the temporary construction of words’meaning.At present,the construction of lexical meaning in specific context is an important research content of Cognitive Semantics and Lexical Pragmatics,and scholars have carried out theoretical research.The N400 index in ERP mainly identifies semantic violation,and as a specific component of semantic violation,it can be used to study the construction of contextual meaning.In this study,the same word is placed in the context of literal orientation and metaphorical orientation respectively,and the cognitive mechanism of lexical pragmatic information is explored through the analysis of semantic sensitive component N400.Compared with the real-time N400 index changes of the testees,the N400 effect is not obvious in the context of literal meaning orientation,and there is no obvious semantic violation.In the context of metaphorical meaning orientation,there is an obvious N400 effect after the keywords.The experiment shows that the activation of lexical pragmatic information in context is a dynamic cognitive process,and activating the metaphorical meaning of words requires more cognitive efforts.

关 键 词：语境 语义加工 事件相关电位 N400 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]