近代中国公立大学评议会制度的实践进路及其内在逻辑  

Three Practice Approaches and Internal Logic of the Public University Senate in Modern China

作　　者：郭强 孙菁[2] GUO Qiang;SUN Jing

机构地区：[1]南京晓庄学院教师教育学院 [2]南京师范大学道德教育研究所,南京211171

出　　处：《中国人民大学教育学刊》2023年第4期143-156,共14页Renmin University of China Education Journal

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“近代中国大学评议会制度的历史演进与当代镜鉴研究”(22YJC880019);江苏省社会科学基金一般项目“近代中国大学内部治理结构的历史演进与当代观照研究”(22JYB021);江苏省教育科学十四五规划重点课题“近代中国大学评议会制度的立法与实践研究”(C-b/2021/01/45)。

摘　　要：在大学内部治理中,组织与权力是两个不可或缺又密不可分的子系统。纵观近代中国公立大学内部治理的实践,除了以《大学令》法定的最高权力机构——校评议会作为治理主体外,还衍生出了与之相抗衡和博弈的另外两个校级治理组织——校董事会与校教授会。大学评议会制度的实践演进由此呈现出了和而不同的局面,并最终形成了以北京大学“一元制”(评议会定于一尊)、交通大学“二元制”(评议会与董事会分庭抗礼)以及东南大学“三元制”(评议会与董事会、教授会三足鼎立)三种权力格局为代表的历史进路。然而,三种实践进路的背后是近代中国公立大学治理的内在逻辑:法定权力构成了大学评议会赖以生存的基础,而权力关系则作为一条主线贯穿于大学评议会实践演进的始末。In the internal governance of universities,organization and power are two indispenable and inseparable subsystems.For public universities in modern China,apart from University Senate,which shall serve as the highest authority according to the University Order,two other university-level authorities,namely the Board of Directors and the Board of Professors,were derived as rivals against the University Senate.Thus,the external evolution of the University Senate system presented a situation featuring“harmony in diversity”and“all flowers bloom together”,which finally formed three historical approaches represented by the pattern of power,namely the“unitary system”of Peking University,the“dual system”of Chiao-Tung University,and the“ternary system”of Southeast University.Behind the three historical approaches,on the one hand,the legal power constituted the basis for the survival of the University Senate,on the other hand,the power relationship served as a main line that ran through the whole process of the evolution of the University Senate system.Both sides combined together constituted the internal logic of the evolution of the University Senate system in modern China.

关 键 词：近代公立大学 大学治理 评议会 权力 

分 类 号：G441[哲学宗教—心理学]