北太平洋远东拟沙丁鱼渔场时空分布及其最适环境特征  

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Sardinops sagax in the North Pacific:Optimal Environmental Characteristics

作　　者：杨超 张衡[1,2,3] 韩海斌[1,2] 赵国庆 石永闯 徐博 蒋沛雯 严云志 葛雅丽[5] YANG Chao;ZHANG Heng;HAN Haibin;ZHAO Guoqing;SHI Yongchuang;XU Bo;JIANG Peiwen;YAN Yunzhi;GE Yali(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Ministry of Education&Shanghai Science and Technology Committee,Shanghai 202162,China;Polar Research Institute of China,Shanghai 201209,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所、农业农村部远洋与极地渔业创新重点实验室,上海200090 [3]长江三角洲河口湿地生态系统教育部/上海市野外科学观测研究站,上海202162 [4]中国极地研究中心,上海201209 [5]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第4期99-110,共12页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901405);中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2021M06);长江三角洲河口湿地生态系统教育部/上海市野外科学观测研究站开放基金(K202001);浙江省远洋渔业资源探捕项目(CTZB-2021070657)共同资助。

摘　　要：基于2019—2020年北太平洋灯光敷网渔业数据和海表温度、叶绿素、海面高度等环境数据,采用空间叠加图、频次分析与经验累积分布函数、K-S检验和GAM模型4种方法分析了远东拟沙丁鱼(Sardinopssagax)渔场的单位捕捞努力量(CPUE)时空分布特征及与关键环境因子的相关关系。分析结果显示,作业渔场重心分布范围为147°~153°E、39°~43°N,在4—8月向东北方向移动,9—11月则向西南方向折返。通过频次分析与经验累积分布函数分析,中心渔场区域最适海表温度为10.0~18.0℃,最适叶绿素浓度为0.2~0.6 mg/m^(3),最适海面高度为0.2~0.7 m。K-S检验分析表明,高值CPUE海域和海表温度、叶绿素浓度、海面高度均有密切关系,最适范围分别为10.9~18.9℃、0.2~0.6 mg/m^(3)、0.2~0.7 m。GAM模型模拟结果表明,高值CPUE的最适海表温度为11.0~17.0℃,最适叶绿素浓度为0.3~0.8mg/m^(3),最适海面高度为0.1~0.4m。综合来说,CPUE高值区海域的最适海表温度为11.0~18.0℃,叶绿素浓度为0.2~0.6 mg/m^(3),海面高度为0.2~0.7 m。Sea surface temperature(SST)and chlorophyll concentration in the North Pacific in 2019–2020 were analyzed based on the data of light net fertilization fisheries,including chlorophyll-a,sea surface height(SSH),and data regarding other environmental factors.The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of catch per unit effort(CPUE)and its relationship with key environmental factors of Sardinops sagax fishery in the Far East were analyzed by spatial superposition map and frequency analysis,empirical cumulative distribution function,K-S test,and GAM model.The results showed that the geographical fishery center ranges from 147°-153°E and 39°-43°N and moves to the northeast from April to August,returning to the southwest from September to November.According to the frequency analysis and empirical cumulative distribution function,the optimal SST and chlorophyll concentration in the central fishing area were10.0-18.0℃and 0.2-0.6 mg/m^(3),while the optimal sea level was 0.2-0.7 m.The K-S test showed that high CPUE was closely related to SST,chlorophyll concentration,and sea surface height,and the optimal ranges were 10.9-18.9℃,0.2-0.6 mg/m^(3),and 0.2-0.7 m,respectively.The GAM model simulation results showed that the optimal SST of high CPUE was 11.0-17.0℃,the optimal chlorophyll concentration was 0.3-0.8 mg/m^(3),and the optimal sea surface height was 0.1-0.4 m.Overall,the results showed that the optimal SST,chlorophyll concentration,and sea surface height were 11.0-18.0℃,0.2-0.6 mg/m^(3),and 0.2-0.7 m,respectively.

关 键 词：北太平洋公海 远东拟沙丁鱼 海洋环境因子 GAM模型 

分 类 号：S931.4[农业科学—渔业资源]