冻融期刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群结构特征及其影响因素  

Composition of the Bacterial Community in the Sediment of Ponds for Culturing Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus):Influence of Environmental Factors During Ice-Melting Period

作　　者：裴泓霖 谭八梅 王荦[1] 夏兴龙 郝振林[1] 丁君[1,2] 常亚青 PEI Honglin;TAN Bamei;WANG Luo;XIA Xinglong;HAO Zhenlin;DING Jun;CHANG Yaqing(Dalian Ocean University,Agriculture Department Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China Sea,Dalian 116023,China;Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Southern Marine Science and Engineering(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第4期121-134,共14页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31902395);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0901604);大连市青年科技之星项目(2020RQ115);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0402)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究以我国北方典型岸基半开放刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)养殖池塘为对象,利用高通量测序技术构建冻融期刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群16S rRNA基因测序文库,解析封冰期、融冰期和化冰期刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群结构特征,并查明影响菌群结构的主导环境因子。结果显示,冻融期刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群丰度和多样性表现为整体下调趋势,在融冰初期呈现显著性波动(P<0.05)。冻融期刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群结构呈现显著性差异,封冰期、融冰期和化冰期差异菌群分别隶属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和软壁菌门(Tenericutes)。尽管不同阶段微生物相对丰度比例不同,但第一优势菌门均隶属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria),相对丰度高于49.04%;次优势菌门则呈现出显著性变化,其中,封冰期为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),融冰期为绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria),化冰期为浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。环境因子与菌群相关性分析表明,冻融期刺参养殖池塘沉积物菌群结构与环境因子具有显著相关性(P<0.05),温度、盐度、总氮和总有机碳是沉积物菌群的主导环境因子。本研究将为刺参养殖池塘精细化管理提供理论依据。The sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)has high economic value and is one of the important mariculture species in northern China.With the continuous development of aquaculture industry,closed or semiclosed pond aquaculture has become the main sea cucumber culture method.The ice-melting period is a special period when the ice on the pond surface melts due to the temperature rise in early spring in northern China.During this period,the ice-melting layer gradually changes the water environment of pond aquaculture from a closed state to external exchange state,resulting in the formation of thermocline and halocline areas and dissolved oxygen stratification in pond aquaculture waters.Some investigations have shown that the thermocline of pond water caused by ice-melting will cause the deterioration of water quality at the bottom of the pond and the outbreak of pathogenic bacteria,which will endanger the health of cultured organisms.Microorganisms are an important part of the pond aquaculture ecosystem.They play an important role in the ecosystem's material circulation and energy flow and are significant to maintaining its balance.As an important part of the pond aquaculture ecosystem,sediment bacteria not only play a great role in the material circulation and energy flow processes but correlate with the growth,digestion,immunity,and diseases of aquaculture organisms.However,external physical and chemical factors easily affect the pond aquaculture ecosystem's bacterial structure.Seasonal changes and nutrient input can modulate the species and abundance of bacteria in the pond aquaculture environment,and indirectly affect the growth and health of aquaculture organisms.In recent years,investigations have been carried out on the bacterial community structure in ponds water and sediment.Nonetheless,only few reports comprise the structure and function of the bacterial community during the ice-melting period.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the structural and functional characteristic

关 键 词：刺参 冻融期 沉积物 高通量测序 菌群结构 

分 类 号：S966.9[农业科学—水产养殖]