叶尔羌高原鳅耳石形态探究及群体判别分析  

Otolith Morphology and Population Discrimination of Triplophysa yarkandensis

作　　者：王新月 陈生熬[1,2] 王程欣 訾方泽 常德胜 许豪 李大鹏[2] WANG Xinyue;CHEN Sheng'ao;WANG Chengxin;ZI Fangze;CHANG Desheng;XU Hao;LI Dapeng(College of Life Sciences and Technology,Tarim University,Tarim Research Center of Rare Fishes,Alar 843300,China;College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院塔里木珍稀鱼类研究中心,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第4期201-211,共11页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360635);农业农村部财政专项(西北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查);兵团科技局项目(2017DB003);华中农业大学–塔里木大学联合基金(HNLH202006)共同资助。

摘　　要：为进一步开展叶尔羌高原鳅(Triplophysa yarkandensis)不同地理群体分类判别、探明耳石与鱼类生活史的相关机制,本研究基于耳石形态学和鱼类生态学方法,对叶尔羌河、和田河和塔里木河的734尾叶尔羌高原鳅耳石与鱼体的形态指标进行了统计分析。结果显示,叶尔羌高原鳅耳石较小,左右微耳石形态无显著差异(P>0.05);叶尔羌高原鳅耳石形态指标与体长、体质量呈对数函数关系,R^(2)范围在0.48~0.62;采用鱼体形态学、耳石形态测量法和椭圆傅里叶分析法分别对两两群体进行判别分析,和田河群体与塔里木河群体判别准确率分别为96.0%、61.4%和82.2%,叶尔羌河群体与和田河群体判别准确率分别为93.0%、79.5%和87.9%,叶尔羌河群体与塔里木河群体判别准确率分别为96.5%、77.5%和86.8%。叶尔羌高原鳅耳石形态与鱼体生长的关系极大程度地反映了其个体发育对栖息环境的适应性,且不同地理群体叶尔羌高原鳅耳石形态特征存在显著差异(P<0.05)。本研究将耳石形态学首次应用于叶尔羌高原鳅种群的鉴别分析,为进一步开展高原鳅属进化分类提供参考,为高原渔业种质资源保护提供了科学依据。To study the classification,identification,and discrimination between different geographical populations of Triplophysa yarkandensis and explore the related otolith morphology and fish life history,this study statistically analyzed the morphological otolith indices and fish bodies of 734 T.yarkandensis from the Yarkand River,Hotan River,and Tarim River using otolith morphology and fish ecology methods.The results showed that otoliths were small in T.yarkandensis,approximately elliptic,thicker in the middle,gradually thinning to the outer edge,and with a prominent protrusion in the center of the external surface.Otolith length was obviously larger than otolith width while the excisural notch was not obvious,wherein the rostrum was developed,the ventral otolith edge was smooth with a shallow arc,and the otolith dorsal had a crest-like ridge.No significant difference between left and right lapillus morphology was observed(P>0.05).The otolith morphological indices followed a logarithmic function with the body length and weight(R^(2)=0.48~0.62).It reflects the ontogenetic adaptation to the environment,and migration behavior mainly affects the relationship between otolith morphology and fish body morphology.The SHAPE software was used to extract the outer otolith contour of T.yarkandensis,revealing morphological differences between T.yarkandensis populations.The parameter with the largest discriminant coefficient,i.e.,the one in which the morphological difference has the greatest significant effect,was screened.Therewith,the discriminant formula was set up to calculate the discriminant accuracy.Discriminant analysis between groups using fish morphology,otolith morphometry and elliptical Fourier analysis,respectively.The discriminant accuracy of the Hotan River and Tarim River populations was 96.0%,61.4%,and 82.2%;the Yarkand River and Hotan River was 93.0%,79.5%,and 87.9%;the Yarkand River and Tarim River populations was 96.5%,77.5%,and 86.8%.Environmental factors such as water temperature,spatial niche adaptation,and

关 键 词：叶尔羌高原鳅 耳石 形态差异 判别分析 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]