人参果生育期根际土壤细菌结构对施氮量的响应  

Response of rhizosphere bacterial community structure to nitrogen application rate during ginseng fruit(Solanum muricatum Aiton)growth stages

作　　者：裴怀弟[1] 宿兵兵 李琦 李玉斌 李淑洁[1] 王立光[1,4] 张敏敏 石有太[1] PEI Huai-di;SU Bing-bing;LI Qi;LI Yu-bin;LI Shu-jie;WANG Li-guang;ZHANG Min-min;SHI You-tai(Biotechnology Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Institute of Forest Fruits and Flowers,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Southwest Key Laboratory of Wildlife Resources Conservation/College of Life Science,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [4]西南野生动植物资源保护重点实验室/西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2023年第6期1125-1134,共10页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划项目(2020GAAS13);甘肃省农业科学院成果转化项目(2021GAAS-CGZH05);甘肃省科协2020年学会助力精准扶贫项目(GXH20200820-1)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同氮(N)素水平对人参果生育期内根际土壤细菌群落组成和多样性的影响,为人参果合理施肥提供理论依据。【方法】人参果(Solanum muricatum Aiton)田间试验于2020、2021年在甘肃省武威市进行。试验设施N 0、50、100、150 kg/hm^(2)4个处理,记为N0、N50、N100、N150。氮肥等分为5份,每隔30天随滴灌施入一次,共计5次,追肥前1天进行根际土壤样品采集,分析土壤细菌多样性和结构组成。【结果】与N0处理相比,N50处理提高了开花期—成熟期土壤细菌α-多样性,其中Shannon、Chao1和ACE(abundance coverage-based estimator)指数分别平均提高了1.19%、4.46%和4.86%;N100处理土壤细菌α-多样性与N0相近,而N150处理分别降低了3.31%、2.79%和6.20%。人参果根际优势菌群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria,30.80%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,4.77%)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota,5.88%)、蓝藻菌门(Cyanobacteria,1.16%)、泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota,1.24%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota,7.21%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota,4.02%)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota,4.81%)、粘球菌门(Myxococcota,3.60%)。与N0相比,N50处理提高了开花期—成熟期厚壁菌门、酸杆菌门、泉古菌门、粘球菌门和芽单胞菌门的相对丰度;N100、N150处理的酸杆菌门相对丰度分别降低了2.99%、15.66%。人参果根际核心菌属为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、德沃斯菌属(Devosia)、RB41、MND1和Haliangium等。与N0处理相比,人参果生育期内N50处理根际假单胞菌属、德沃斯菌属的相对丰度分别增加了8.07%、32.41%,N100有利于MND1菌属的生长繁殖,而N150处理降低了RB41、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、芽孢杆菌属、MND1和Haliangium的相对丰度。【结论】中低施氮水平对人参果根际土壤细菌的多样性无不利影响,还可提高根际假单胞菌属、德沃斯菌属、MND1、Haliangium、鞘氨醇单胞菌属等有益菌属的�【Objectives】We studied the effects of nitrogen(N)application rates on bacterial community structure and diversity in rhizosphere soil of ginseng fruit,so as to provide theoretical basis for rational fertilization and maintain a health rhizospheric environment for the cultivation of ginseng fruit.【Methods】Field experiments were conducted in 2020 and 2021 in Wuwei City,Gansu Province.Four N rates of 0,50,100 and 150 kg/hm^(2)(denoted as N0,N50,N100 and N150)were designed.All the designed nitrogen fertilizers were evenly divided into five parts,and applied with drip irrigation in frequency of every 30 days.Rhizosphere soil samples were collected one day before topdressing for determination of bacterial diversity and community composition,using high-throughput sequencing method.【Results】Compared with N0,N50 increased Shannon,Chao1 and ACE(abundance coverage-based estimator)index by 1.19%,4.46% and 4.86%,respectively,N100 did not change them significantly,while N150 decreased them by 3.31%,2.79% and 6.20%.At the phylum level,the dominant bacterial communities in rhizosphere soil were Proteobacteria(30.80%),Firmicutes(4.77%),Acidobacteriota(5.88%),Cyanobacteria(1.16%),Crenarchaeota(1.24%),Bacteroidota(7.21%),Actinobacteriota(4.02%),Gemmatimonadota(4.81%),Myxococcota(3.60%).Compared with N0,N50 increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Acidobacteriota,Crenarchaeota,Myxococcota and Gemmatimonadota from flowering to maturity,while N100 and N150 decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota by 2.99% and 15.66%.Pseudomonas,Sphingomonas,Bacillus,Devosia,RB41,MND1 and Haliangium were core genus of ginseng fruit.Compared with N0,N50 enriched Pseudomonas by 8.07% and Devosia by 32.41%,N100 was beneficial to the growth and reproduction of MND1,while N150 inhibited RB41,Sphingomonas,Bacillus,MND1 and Haliangium.【Conclusions】Medium and low N application rate is conducive to the diversity of bacteria community and the enrichment of core genus in rhizosphere,such as Pseudomonas,Devosia,MND1,Haliangium,Sphi

关 键 词：人参果 氮肥施用水平 根际土壤 细菌多样性 细菌丰度 群落组成 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S668.9[农业科学—农业基础科学]