临界态CO_(2)原油储罐火灾灭火性能影响研究  

Research on fire extinguishing performance of critical CO_(2)for crude oil storage tank fire

作　　者：吕国杰 王春翔 李斐然 张弘金 李涛 LYU Guojie;WANG Chunxiang;LI Feiran;ZHANG Hongjin;LI Tao(Jinhua Fire Rescue Detachment of Zhejiang Province,Jinhua Zhejiang 321000,China;Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 610000,China;Vitalong Fire Safety Group Joint Stock Company,Chengdu Sichuan 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省金华市消防救援支队,浙江金华321000 [2]西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院,四川成都610000 [3]威特龙消防安全集团股份公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第7期135-140,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：油气消防四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(OGFP201904)。

摘　　要：为研究临界态CO_(2)对原油储罐火灾灭火性能的影响,采用大型石油储罐火灾试验和Fluent数值模拟相结合的方式,对临界态CO_(2)的灭火性能进行综合分析。基于直径81 m的外浮顶油罐火灾实际情况,采用Fluent流体动力学计算软件模拟不同油罐开口尺寸(10,20 m)条件以及不同火源位置处油罐火灾灭火过程,并对不同位置处温度变化、CO_(2)及O_(2)含量进行分析。研究结果表明:随油罐开口尺寸增大,临界态CO_(2)灭火所需时间逐渐减小,灭火效率提高;模拟结果显示,喷头位于开口中间位置时的灭火时间远远小于喷头位于开口侧边的灭火时间;油罐开口尺寸为20 m时的温度峰值远远大于开口尺寸为10 m时的温度峰值。In order to study the influence of critical CO_(2)on the fire extinguishing performance of crude oil storage tanks,the fire extinguishing performance of critical CO_(2)was comprehensively analyzed by using the combination of large-scale oil storage tank fire test and Fluent numerical simulation.By simulating the actual fire situation of an external floating roof tank with the diameter of 81 m,the real fire extinguishing performance of critical CO_(2)was obtained.At the same time,the fire development process of external floating roof oil tank with 81 m diameter under different opening sizes(10 m,20 m)and different fire source locations was simulated based on the fluid dynamics calculation software Fluent,and the change of temperature and reaction heat in the fire development process and the influence of CO_(2)fire extinguishing on the oil tank fire were analyzed.The results show that the critical state CO_(2)has high fire extinguishing efficiency,fast fire extinguishing speed and low fire reignition probability for crude oil tank fire,which verifies the feasibility of critical CO_(2)in fire extinguishing.According to the simulation results,the relationship between the opening size of tank fire and the fire extinguishing time is obtained,which can provide reference for practical production and application.

关 键 词：临界态CO_(2) 储罐火灾 Fluent模拟 灭火效能分析 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]