低温低压环境下正庚烷池火燃烧特性研究  

Study on combustion characteristics of n-heptane pool fire in low-temperature and low-pressure environment

作　　者：张纪元 黄鑫 周晓猛 ZHANG Jiyuan;HUANG Xin;ZHOU Xiaomeng(Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学民航热灾害防控与应急重点实验室,天津300300

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第7期148-154,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(3122021092)。

摘　　要：为研究低温低压耦合环境对油池火燃烧特性的影响,利用高低温低气压实验箱开展小尺度正庚烷火燃烧实验,分析不同环境压力(30~101 kPa)和温度(-10~20℃)下,正庚烷油池火稳定燃烧阶段的燃烧速率、火焰辐射分数、火焰振荡频率以及火焰高度的变化规律。研究结果表明:当正庚烷油池火燃烧处于稳定燃烧阶段时,在相同环境温度下,其燃烧速率随环境压力增加而增加;在相同环境压力下,环境温度更低时燃烧速率更快;环境温度或环境压力越低,火焰辐射分数越低,火焰辐射能力也越低;火焰振荡频率的变化受到不同火焰形态的影响,并且环境温度越低,火焰振荡频率越高;不同环境温度下,火焰高度与环境压力之间呈幂函数关系。研究结果对于掌握高空中飞机货舱以及高海拔地区火灾特性、制定相应防火策略具有一定参考意义。In order to study the influence of low-temperature and low-pressure coupling environment on the combustion characteristics of oil pool fire,the small-scale n-heptane fire combustion experiments were carried out by using a high-low temperature and low pressure experimental chamber,and the change of the burning rate,flame radiation fraction,flame oscillation frequency and flame height in the stable combustion stage of n-heptane pool fire under different environmental pressures(30~101 kPa)and temperatures(-10~20℃)were analyzed.The results show that in the stable combustion stage of n-heptane pool fire,the burning rate increases gradually as the ambient pressure increases under the same ambient temperature.Under the same ambient pressure,the lower the ambient temperature,the faster the burning rate.The lower the ambient temperature or ambient pressure,the lower the flame radiation fraction,and the lower the flame radiation capability.The change of flame oscillation frequency is affected by different flame shapes,and the lower the ambient temperature,the higher the flame oscillation frequency.There is a power function relationship between flame height and ambient pressure under different ambient temperatures.The research results have certain reference significance for mastering the fire characteristics of high-altitude aircraft cargo cabin and high-altitude areas and formulating the corresponding fire prevention strategies.

关 键 词：低温低压 小尺度油池火 燃烧速率 火焰特征 正庚烷 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X932