浙南山地梯田土壤性状及其变化规律研究  

Study on Soil Properties and Their Variation Laws of Terraced Fields in Southern Zhejiang

作　　者：夏娇娇 陈宇航 章明奎[2] XIA Jiaojiao;CHEN Yuhang;ZHANG Mingkui(Qingtian County Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Lishui 323900,Zhejiang,China;College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]青田县农业农村局,浙江丽水323900 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《农学学报》2023年第7期56-62,共7页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“长期全年淹水集约种植对水耕人为土性态演变与物质循环及生态功能的影响”(41977001)。

摘　　要：山地复杂多变的地形环境导致了土壤性态有其独特的变化规律。为了解山地耕地质量的时空变化特点,选择了浙南地区的丽水和温州两市12片代表性的梯田,采样分析了228个点位的表层土样及6个代表性剖面的土壤肥力指标,探讨了土壤肥力及土壤类型与土地利用方式、海拔高度、坡位等的关系。结果表明:浙南山地梯田土壤性态及土壤类型具有明显的空间分异特点。随着海拔高度的增加,梯田土体和耕作层厚度、土壤有效磷与速效钾的含量逐渐下降,pH逐渐升高;但土壤有机质、全氮和CEC却呈现由坡麓向上先呈现下降后又逐渐增加的变化规律;水田土壤质量高于旱地;凹坡处耕地土体和耕作层厚、有机质、全氮、CEC、pH、有效磷和速效钾的平均值高于凸坡处,肥力指标随梯田宽度的增加而变优;山地梯田土壤熟化程度随种植时间增加而增加。从低海拔至高海拔,土壤类型由铁聚水耕人为土和简育水耕人为土逐渐向简育水耕人为土、铁渗水耕人为土演变。The complex and changeable terrain environments in mountainous areas lead to the unique change law of soil properties.To understand the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of cultivated land quality in mountainous area,12 representative terraced fields in Lishui and Wenzhou of southern Zhejiang Province were selected,and 228 topsoil samples and 6 representative profiles were collected.The soil fertility indexes of the samples were analyzed.The relationships of soil fertility and soil types with land use type,altitude and slope position were discussed.The results showed that soil properties and soil types of terraced fields in southern Zhejiang had obviously spatial differentiation.With the increase of the altitude,the thickness of terraced soil body and tillage layer,the content of available phosphorus and available potassium gradually decreased,and the pH value gradually increased,but the soil organic matter,total nitrogen and CEC first decreased and then gradually increased from the foot to the slope upward.The soil quality of paddy field was higher than that of upland.The thickness of soil body and tillage layer,and the average content of organic matter,total nitrogen,CEC,pH,available phosphorus and available potassium of the soil in concave slope were higher than those in convex slope.And the fertility index became better with the increase of terrace width.The soil maturity degree of mountain terrace increased with the increase of plantation time.From low altitude to high altitude,the soil types changed from Fe-accumuli Stagnic Anthrosols and Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols to Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols and Fe-leached Stagnic Anthrosols.

关 键 词：梯田 土壤质量 海拔 坡位 时间 土壤类型 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]