走出斯芬克斯的迷雾——尼·雅·丹尼列夫斯基与弗·谢·索洛维约夫的思想论战  

Out of the Fog of the Sphinx--The Ideological Polemic between N.Y.Danilevsky and V.S.Solovyov

作　　者：王昊颖 Wang Haoying

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学外文学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2023年第3期40-50,共11页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“俄罗斯文学中‘人’的观念研究”(22AWW005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：19世纪七八十年代,尼·雅·丹尼列夫斯基和弗·谢·索洛维约夫之间进行了一场针锋相对的思想论战。丹尼列夫斯基站在文化民族主义的立场,提倡文化的多元化发展,认为俄国应该坚守本民族文化,走“俄国式”发展道路;索洛维约夫从文化哲学的立场出发,推崇基督教的普世主义,认为宗教统一之路才是俄国乃至世界的未来发展方向。本文认为,这场世纪之争聚焦在“文化历史类型”理论之划分、俄国文化特殊性和俄国未来发展道路等三个问题,反映了俄罗斯思想的民族性和世界性两个维度。尽管两位思想家都有各自的理由和道理,而且不乏各自的理论继承者和实践信徒,但是这两种观念或许可以引入中国哲学思想作为参照系,从而走出一条既有本土特色又不失普世价值的俄罗斯发展道路。In the 1870s and 1880s,there was a tit-for-tat ideological debate between N.Y.Danilevsky and V.S.Solovyov.From the standpoint of cultural nationalism,Denilevsky advocated the development of cultural pluralism and believed that Russia should stick to its own culture and follow the path of"Russian"development.And from the standpoint of cultural philosophy,Solovyov advocated Christian ecumenism and believed that the path of religious unity was the future development of Russia and the world.This article argues that this century-long controversy focuses on three issues,i.e.,the division of the"cultural-historical type"theory,the specificity of Russian culture and the future developmental path of Russia,reflecting both the national and the global dimensions of Russian thought.Although both thinkers have their own reasons and justifications,and there is no shortage of their theoretical successors and practical adherents,these two ideas can be dialectically combined in order to come out with a path of Russian development that has both local characteristics and universal values.

关 键 词：尼·雅·丹尼列夫斯基 弗·谢·索洛维约夫 《俄国与欧洲》 

分 类 号：I512.06[文学—其他各国文学]