“所谓”句中的话语角色  

The interpretation and discourse roles of suowei(所谓)

作　　者：鲁承发 LU Chengfa

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海

出　　处：《中国语文》2023年第4期428-439,511,共13页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“交际互动视角下汉语级差词项的语法-语义-语用接口机制研究”(21BYY160);上海师范大学“比较语言学与汉语国际传播”创新团队资助。

摘　　要：“所谓”的用法特点,是发话者与受话者在交际互动过程中塑造而成的。发话者与受话者都可以分解出多重话语角色:首先,根据知情状态,受话者可分解出“待知情者”“误解者”与“知情者”等类型,发话者会依据预判的受话者类型,选择适当的话语策略,以填平知情差距,并达成认知协同;其次,发话者可分解出“信源”“言者”与“责任者”等类型,言者可以将自己的声音与信源分离开来,以表达不同的立场,起到责任疏远或责任背书的效果,并确定言者与受话者的距离,从而调节人际关系。从话语角色的分解与互动角度,可以揭示出“所谓”用法特点的浮现机制。The function of suowei(所谓)in discourse is generated during the process of communication and interaction.Both the producer and the interpreter can take various roles.The interpreter in suowei combinations can be categorized into three levels of knowledge,i.e.,"to be informed","misunderstood"and"informed".The producer would then choose suitable strategies in accordance with the type of the interpreter so as to fill the information gap and to achieve cognitive coordination.Secondly,the producer can decompose into"source","speaker"and"principal".The speaker can separate his voice from the source to express different stances,so as to achieve the effect of"responsibility distance"or"responsibility endorsement",and to determine the distance between the speaker and the recipient,thereby regulating interpersonal relationships.From the perspective of the decomposition and interaction of discourse roles,such analysis can reveal the mechanism of the emergent function.of suowei.

关 键 词：所谓 话语角色 知情状态 立场 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]