基于ISM-MICMAC的建筑安全疏散中的人为因素影响研究  

Study on Human Factors in Building Safety Evacuation Based on ISM-MICMAC

作　　者：刘莹[1,2] 谭金颖 殷青 王朔[2,3] LIU Ying;TAN Jinying;YIN Qing;WANG Shuo(Harbin Institute of Technology Professor;South China University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学 [2]寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室 [3]华南理工大学

出　　处：《世界建筑》2023年第7期60-61,共2页World Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金,项目批准号:51878202;互动媒体设计与装备服务创新文化和旅游部重点实验室开放课题,项目编号:202008。

摘　　要：人为因素是影响安全疏散的主要因素,系统分析人为因素及其作用机理对提升建筑疏散效果具有重要作用。研究通过系统文献综述和内容分析法确定28个人类特性因素、14个运动特性因素,以及6个管理人员因素和6个管理因素,共54个建筑疏散安全人因。利用Python算法编程,构建解释结构模型及递阶结构图,结合交叉影响矩阵相乘法将影响因素划分为Li(i=1~10)10个层级。解析建筑安全疏散人因影响机制可为疏散仿真模型进一步发展、虚拟人群仿真技术真实反映人群特性、建筑安全疏散设计与管理提供有效建议。Human factors are the main factors affecting safe evacuation.And systematic analysis of human factors and their mechanisms play an important role in improving the effectiveness of building evacuation.The study identifies 28 human characteristics factors,14 movement characteristics factors,as well as 6 management personnel factors and 6 management factors through systematic literature review and content analysis,making a total of 54 human factors for building evacuation safety.Using Python algorithm programming,an Interpretative Structure Model(ISM)and a hierarchical structure diagram were constructed and combined with t Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification(MICMAC)method to divide the influencing factors into 10 levels of Li(i=1-10).Analysing the human impact mechanism of building safety evacuation can promote the further development of evacuation simulation models and virtual technologies to truly reflect the characteristics of the crowd,providing effective suggestions for the design and management of building safety evacuation.

关 键 词：建筑安全疏散 人为因素 解释性结构模型 交叉影响矩阵相乘法 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]