搭配频率与普通话声调异读现象  

Tone variation caused by the effect of collocational frequency in Mandarin

作　　者：金耀华 王非凡 JIN Yaohua;WANG Feifan

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院师范学院,215500 [2]香港大学声线研究所,中国香港999077

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2023年第4期103-112,共10页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“上海城市方言现状与历史研究及数据库建设”(19ZDA303);国家社会科学基金一般项目“江苏境内汉语方言岛的调查与研究”(20BYY046)的资助。

摘　　要：本文通过问卷形式调查了全国范围内普通话使用者关于“潜”“违”“祈”“寅”四字的发音问题。结果显示,四字存在较为明显的“阳平/上声”异读现象,且该现象在全国各地的分布情况较为一致,不应解释为是地方方言影响普通话的结果。同时,在要求被试针对上述四字进行组词后发现,被调查字开头的词中,最常见的声调组合形式都表现为“阳平+上声”。我们认为,正是由于这种“阳平+上声”的声调组合模式干扰了普通话使用者对于前字本调的判断,从而出现了较为普遍的“阳平/上声”异读现象。This article investigates the pronunciation of four characters,qian(潜),wei(违),qi(祈),yin(寅),among the Mandarin speakers in China by means of questionnaire.As a result,theses four characters show a tone 2/tone 3 variation in pronunciation.Howev-er,such a variation cannot be attributed to the effect of Chinese dialects on the pronunciation of Mandarin.With further investigation,it is found that,according to such Mandarin speak-ers’lexicon,most of the word combinations beginning with these four characters show a tone sequence of 2-3,which is homophonous with the tone sequence 3-3 in Mandarin.Consequently,we may draw a conclusion that,it is because of the tonal neutralization be-tween2-3 and 3-3 tone sequences that Mandarin speakers make an incorrect judgment on the lexical tone of the first character in the tone sequence 2-3.

关 键 词：声调异读 上声连读变调 搭配频率 

分 类 号：H116.4[语言文字—汉语]