走向多边:上海合作组织的政治起源  

Going Multilateral:Political Origins of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization

作　　者：朱杰进[1] 何越 Zhu Jiejin;He Yue

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2023年第3期48-67,共20页Russian Studies

摘　　要：作为一个传统上偏好双边外交的国家,为什么中国在中亚地区通过建立上合组织采取了多边主义的地区治理形式?本文认为,冷战结束后,中亚地区经历了权力转移进程,中国是地区性崛起国,俄罗斯是地区性主导国,上合组织是管理地区权力转移进程的产物。其中,地区性崛起国的多边合作需求和地区性主导国的否决权力是影响地区性国际组织创建的两大关键因素。在20世纪90年代初期,中国在处理边界谈判和军事互信问题上具有较强的多边合作需求,而俄罗斯否决中国多边倡议的权力遭到一定程度的削弱,这为中国推动建立“上海五国机制”创造了条件。在20世纪90年代中后期,中国在打击“三股势力”和促进西部地区发展问题上对多边合作的需求变得更为迫切,而俄罗斯否决中国多边倡议的权力遭到进一步削弱,上合组织由此诞生。As a country which has traditionally preferred to bilateral diplomacy,why has China adopted a multilateral form of regional governance in Central Asia through the establishment of the SCO?This article argues that after the end of the Cold War,Central Asia has undergone a process of power transfer,with China as a regional rising power,Russia as a regional dominate state,and the SCO as the product of managing the process of regional power transfer.Among them,the demand for multilateral cooperation by rising regional countries and the veto power of dominate states are the two key factors affecting the creation of regional international organizations.In the early 1990s,China had strong demands for multilateral cooperation in handling border negotiations and military mutual trust,while Russia's right to veto China's multilateral initiatives was weakened to a certain extent,which created conditions for China to promote the establishment of the"Shanghai Five Mechanism".In the middle and late 1990s,China's demands for multilateral cooperation in combating the"three forces"and promoting the development of the western region became more urgent,and Russia's right to veto China's multilateral initiatives was further weakened,and the SCO was born.

关 键 词：多边合作需求 主导国的否决权力 地区治理形式 上海五国机制 上海合作组织 

分 类 号：D82[政治法律—政治学]