俄罗斯国家认同建构的理论、效果与反思  

Construction of Russian National Identity:Theories,Effects and Reflections

作　　者：李旭 Li Xu

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2023年第3期176-192,共17页Russian Studies

基　　金：2020年国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代国家安全法治的体系建设与实施措施研究”(20&ZD191)的阶段性成果;2022年度上海市教育科学研究项目“加强教育系统党的政治建设研究:以高校为例”的阶段性成果;2018年华东政法大学科研项目“俄罗斯民众政治认同研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：建构国家认同是苏联解体后俄罗斯政府亟待解决和谨慎处理的重大问题,其核心任务在于妥善处理国家认同和民族认同的关系,有效整合国家认同的内涵。尤其是进入21世纪以来,俄罗斯从理论和实践层面积极探索建构国家认同的可行路径,从建构“俄罗斯民族共同体”到“俄罗斯世界”的变迁,逐渐形成了以“千年俄罗斯”为核心的国家认同理念。在俄罗斯政府自上而下的努力下,俄罗斯全国各族,尤其是少数民族的国家认同感和公民认同感显著增强。俄罗斯挖掘国家认同的历史文化基因、更新国家认同的定义等做法,为多民族国家认同的建构提供了诸多经验和教训。The construction of national identity is a major issue that the Russian government needs to solve and handle carefully after the collapse of the Soviet Union.Its core task is to properly handle the relationship between national identity and ethnic identity,and effectively integrate the connotation of national identity.Especially since the beginning of the 21st century,Russia has actively explored a feasible path for constructing a national identity from theoretical and practical levels,gradually forming the concept of national identity with Millennium Russia"as the core from the construction of the"Russian Ethnic Community"to the"Russian World".Due to the top-down efforts of the Russian government,the sense of national identity and civic identity of all ethnic groups in Russia,especially ethnic minorities,has been significantly enhanced.Russia's practices such as excavating historical and cultural genes of national identity and updating the definition of national identity have provided many experiences and lessons for the construction of multi-ethnic national identity.

关 键 词：俄罗斯国家建构 俄罗斯公民认同 俄罗斯民族共同体 俄罗斯世界 千年俄罗斯 

分 类 号：D751.2[政治法律—政治学]