健康脱毒种苗及栽培方式对杭白菊产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Healthy Virus-free Seedlings and Cultivation Methods on the Yield and Quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium

作　　者：马常念 胡卫珍[2] 顾雪婷 沈雷定 王钰怡 毛碧增[3,5] Ma Changnian;Hu Weizhen;Gu Xueting;Shen Leiding;Wang Yuyi;Mao Bizeng(Tongxiang Agricultural Science Research Institute,Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tongxiang,314500;Agricultural Experimental Station of Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310058;College of Agriculture&Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310058;Agricultural Economic Service Center in Shimen Town of Tongxiang,Tongxiang,314512;The Rural Development Academy,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310058)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴市农业科学研究院桐乡农业科学研究所,桐乡314500 [2]浙江大学农业试验站,杭州310058 [3]浙江大学农业与生物技术研究所,杭州310058 [4]桐乡市石门镇农业经济服务中心,桐乡314512 [5]浙江大学新农村发展研究院,杭州310058

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第15期5095-5102,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：浙江省产业技术团队项目(2022CYTDZYC04);农业部农业重大技术协同推广项目(2018XTTGYC04)共同资助。

摘　　要：为明确健康脱毒种苗及栽培方式对杭白菊产量和品质的影响,以2020年早小洋菊二代脱毒苗和早小洋菊常规苗为试验材料,考察脱毒种苗和栽培方式对杭白菊农艺性状、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,健康脱毒种苗较常规苗,其多项农艺性状的指标均有提高,增产效果显著,每公顷增产1.55 kg,增幅达27.26%。在栽培方式中,发现直立型栽培的农艺性状和产量品质均优于常规压条种植,其中以双条双株栽培方式最佳,其株高、茎粗等农艺性状得到提升,产量增幅明显,每公顷增产3.67 kg,增幅达50.6%,且绿原酸、木犀草苷、3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸、总黄酮含量相比于《药典》标准分别提高了170%、275%、28.6%和108%。在不同时期的激素处理中,发现在花蕾膨大中期喷施0.06 mol/L GA3,可显著提高杭白菊的品质。本研究结果表明,采用健康脱毒种苗及配套的优化栽培能有效提高杭白菊的农艺性状和品质,“良种+良法”模式为杭白菊产业的提质增效提供了理论基础和技术支撑。In order to clarify the effects of healthy virus-free seedlings and cultivation methods on the yield and quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium,the second generation virus-free seedlings and conventional seedlings of Chrysanthemum morifolium in 2020 were used as experimental materials to investigate the effects of virus-free seedlings and cultivation methods on the agronomic characters,yield and quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium.The results showed that the healthy virus-free seedlings were better than the conventional seedlings in terms of many agronomic traits,and the yield increase effect was remarkable by 1.55 kg per hectare,increase by 27.26%.In the cultivation mode,it was found that the agronomic characters,yield and quality of the vertical cultivation were better than that of the conventional layering cultivation,and the double-strip and double-plant cultivation mode was the best.Its agronomic characters such as plant height,stem diameter were improved,and the yield increased significantly by 3.67 kg per hectare,with an increase of 50.6%,and the content of chlorogenic acid,luteolin,3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid,and total flavonoids increased by 170%,275%,28.6%,and 108%respectively compared with the standard of the Pharmacopoeia.During hormone treatment at different stages,it was found that spraying 0.06 mol/L GA3 at the middle stage of flower bud expansion could significantly improve the quality of chrysanthemum.The research results show that the adoption of healthy virus-free seedlings and the optimized cultivation can effectively improve the agronomic characters and quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium,and the"good seed+good method"model provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the improvement of quality and efficiency of Chrysanthemum morifolium industry.

关 键 词：杭白菊 脱毒种苗 栽培方式 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]