基于地标点法的不同黄河鲤群体形态鉴别  

Landmark-based identification of different populations of Yellow River carp

作　　者：姜京京 张成锋[2] 唐永凯[1,2] 敬小军[2] 李红霞[1,2] 刘磊 苏胜彦[1,2] JIANG Jingjing;ZHANG Chengfeng;TANG Yongkai;JING Xiaojun;LI Hongxia;LIU Lei;SU Shengyan(Wuri Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Shandong Province Donga Yellow River Carp Breeding Farm,Donga 252200,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [3]山东省东阿黄河鲤省级良种场,山东东阿252200

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第3期29-36,共8页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系专项(CARS-45-62)。

摘　　要：为了解黄河鲤谱系进化过程中不同群体形态差异,利用地标点法对20世纪70年代标本黄河鲤和现有山东、河南黄河鲤群体形态进行比较。选取19个地标点,通过最小平方和法进行回归分析,回归系数为0.998,证明地标点选取有效。通过地标点的重叠效果以及对平均形进行矢量化、网格化处理,形态差异主要体现在背鳍基部和腹鳍。相对扭曲主成分分析在不同黄河鲤群体中共提取34个主成分,通过第1、2主成分绘制散点图,标本黄河鲤群体与其他2个群体无重叠且较集中,河南和山东黄河鲤群体重叠且分散。聚类分析表明,河南、山东群体聚为一支,标本黄河鲤为单独一支。前5个主成分累积贡献率为93.03%,解释了主要形态变异,对前5个相对扭曲主成分得分建立Bayes判别函数,结果显示100%的标本黄河鲤能准确识别。背鳍基部和腹鳍2个位置靠近鱼类传统测量中体高特征值,标本黄河鲤与河南、山东黄河鲤形态差异极显著。综上,标本黄河鲤与河南、山东黄河鲤形态差异较大,主要体现在体高/体长比,而河南和山东黄河鲤形态无明显差异,为探究不同群体黄河鲤谱系在种质利用过程中分化和遗传渐渗时间奠定了基础。To understand the morphological differences of different populations during the evolutionary process of the Yellow River carp lineage,this study used the landmark method to compare the population morphology of the Yellow River carp specimens from the 197os with the existing populations of the Yellow River carp from Shandong and Henan.19 landmarks were selected,and the regression coefficient was O.998 through the regression analysis of the least sum of squares rule,which proved the effectiveness of the selection of landmarks.Through the overlapping effect of the landmarks and the vectorization and meshing of the average shape,the morphological difference was mainly reflected in the dorsal fin base and pelvic fin.A total of 34 principal components were extracted from different populations of Yellow River carp by the relative distortion principal component analysis.The scatter plots were drawn by the first principal component and the second principal component.There was no overlap between the populations of Yellow River carp and other populations,but the populations of Henan and Shandong Yellow River carp overlapped and dispersed.By cluster analysis,Henan and Shandong populations were grouped into one,and the Yellow River carp was isolated.The cumulative contribution rate of the first five principal components was 93.03%,which explained the main morphological variation.Bayes discriminant function was established for the scores of the first five principal components with relative distortion,and the results showed that 1oo%of the samples could be accurately identified.The dorsal fin base and ventral fin were close to the characteristic value of body height in the traditional measurement of fish,and the significance of difference was analyzed by body height to body length.The morphological difference between the specimen Yellow River carp and Henan and Shandong Yellow River carp was very significant(P<0.01).The above results showed that the morphology of the samples of Yellow River carp was significantly different from

关 键 词：黄河鲤 地标点法 形态差异 群体识别 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]