半干旱区水钾互作对春玉米碳代谢及产量的影响  

Effects of water potassium interaction on carbon metabolism and yield of Spring maize in semi-arid area

作　　者：马襄鸿 曹国军[2] 邓奥严 耿玉辉[2] 张铭 任虹亲 程正海 MA Xianghong;CAO Guojun;DENG Aoyan;GENG Yuhui;ZHANG Ming;REN Hongqin;CHENG Zhenghai(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Enviroment,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science,Changchun 130033,China;College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境科学研究所,长春130033 [2]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第3期89-97,共9页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201505、2018YFD0300203);吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2021TD103)。

摘　　要：采用裂区试验设计,分别设置3个灌溉水平[灌溉定额50(W1)、150(W2)、250 mm(W3)]和3个钾素营养水平[不施钾(K0)、施K2O 80 kg·hm^(-2)(K1)和施K2O 120 kg·hm^(-2)(K3)],通过田间试验,探究不同灌溉、施钾水平对膜下滴灌春玉米碳代谢及产量的影响。结果表明:水钾互作能显著提高玉米产量,在同一灌溉水平下,玉米碳代谢关键酶活性整体表现为K1依次高于K2、K0,其中对核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶活性影响最大,K1较K2、K0分别提高8.96%和42.89%,在同一钾素营养水平下,玉米碳代谢关键酶活性表现为W3依次高于W2、W1;其中K1条件下,蔗糖磷酸合成酶提高最多,W3分别较W1、W2提高30.50%和2.89%。水钾互作对春玉米碳代谢关键酶活性表现出显著的交互作用。综合而言,玉米产量及碳代谢关键酶活性会随着灌溉水平升高而增强;在一定钾素水平内,碳代谢关键酶活性及产量会随着钾素营养水平增加而增加,但过高的钾素水平会抑制酶活性及产量的提高。在半干旱区玉米生产实践中灌溉150 mm、施钾80 kg·hm^(-2),可使春玉米的碳代谢强度显著增强,并且能获得较高产量。Using the split plot experimental design,three irrigation levels W1(irrigation quota of 50 mm),W2(irrigation quota of 150 mm)and W3(irrigation quota of 250 mm)and three potassium nutrition levels K0(no potassium application),K1(K,O application of 80 kg·hm^(-2))and K2(K2O application of 120 kg·hm^(-2))were set respectively.Through field experiments,the effects of different irrigation and potassium application levels on carbon metabolism and yield of spring maize under film drip irrigation were explored.The results showed that the interaction of water and potassium could significantly improve maize yield.Under the same irrigation level,the overall activity of key enzymes of maize carbon metabolism was K1>K2>KO,which had the greatest impact on Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase activity,and K1 increased by 8.09%and 29.96%respectively compared with K2 and K0.Under the same potassium nutrient level,the activity of key enzymes of maize carbon metabolism was W3>W2>W1;Under the condition of W3,sucrose phosphate synthase increased the most,and W3 increased 19.60%and 5.39%compared with W1 and W2,respectively.The interaction of water and potassium showed significant effect on the activities of key enzymes of carbon metabolism in spring maize.In general,the activity of key enzymes of maize yield and carbon metabolism will increase with the increase of irrigation level;Within a certain potassium level,the activity and yield of key enzymes of carbon metabolism will increase with the increase of potassium nutrition level,but too high potassium level will inhibit the increase of enzyme activity and yield.In the practice of maize production in semi-arid areas,irrigation of 15o mm and potassium application of 8o kg·hm^(-2) can significantly enhance the carbon metabolism intensity of spring maize and obtain higher yield.

关 键 词：春玉米 水钾互作 碳代谢 酶活性 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S507.1