生物炭配施化肥对稀土尾砂基质中樟树幼苗生长及光合作用的影响  

Effects of biochar combined with chemical fertilizer on growth and photosynthesis of Cinnamonum Camphora seedlings in rare earth tailings

作　　者：陈志琪 张海娜[1,2] 鲁向晖 刘佳丽[1] 杨宝城[1] CHEN Zhiqi;ZHANG Haina;LU Xianghui;LIU Jiali;YANG Baocheng(School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China;Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed-Breeding and Utilization of CamphorTree,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院水利与生态工程学院,江西南昌330099 [2]南昌工程学院江西省樟树繁育与开发利用工程研究中心,江西南昌330099

出　　处：《南昌工程学院学报》2023年第3期34-39,共6页Journal of Nanchang Institute of Technology

基　　金：江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ190946,GJJ190977);江西省林业局林业科技创新专项项目([2020]07-0104)。

摘　　要：选用樟树扦插苗为对象,设置红壤及稀土尾砂对照组,设置两种施肥梯度分别为8g/株(常量施肥)和16g/株(适量施肥),两种生物炭处理(椰壳炭、稻壳炭),两个生物炭添加水平(225g/株、450g/株);共12个处理,每个处理重复10次。通过测定株高净增长值、基径净增长值、叶绿素SPAD、光合速率等指标,分析不同生物炭及化肥配施对樟树幼苗生长状况及光合作用的影响,综合评价最佳施肥量及生物炭水平。实验结果表明:施用化肥在一定程度上促进了樟树幼苗的生长,单施适量肥的提升效果要优于常量肥;相比无添加的稀土尾砂,生物炭配施化肥的处理组均显著提高了樟树幼苗的生长状况(P<0.05);稀土尾砂环境下樟树幼苗在配施处理中光合作用得到显著提升(P<0.05),稻壳炭效果优于椰壳炭,且高浓度稻壳炭效果更佳。在稀土尾砂治理中,樟树幼苗的生长宜选用8g/株化肥配施450g/株稻壳炭。Cinnamomum camphora cuttings were selected as the object,and red soil and rare-earth tailings were set as the control group.The fertilization gradient was set as 8g/plant(constant fertilization)and 16g/plant(moderate fertilization).The biochar was set with two treatments(coconut shell carbon and rice shell carbon)and two biochar addition levels(225g/plant and 450g/plant).There are 12 processes in total,and each process is repeated 10 times.By measuring the net growth value of plant height,net growth value of basal diameter,chlorophyll SPAD,photosynthetic rate and other indicators,the effects of different biochar and chemical fertilizer on the growth and photosynthesis of Camphora seedlings were analyzed,and the optimal fertilizer amount and biochar level were comprehensively evaluated.The experiment results indicate that:1)The application of chemical fertilizer promoted the growth of Camphora seedlings to a certain extent,and the effect of applying appropriate fertilizer alone was better than that of constant fertilizer;2)Compared with the non added rare-earth tailings,the growth of Camphora seedlings was significantly improved in the treatment group of biochar combined with chemical fertilizer(P<0.05);3)Under the tailings environment,the photosynthesis of Camphora seedlings was significantly improved(P<0.05),and the effect of rice husk carbon was better than coconut husk carbon,and the effect of high concentration of rice husk carbon was the best.In the treatment of rare-earth tailings,8g/plant chemical fertilizer and 450g/plant rice hull carbon should be used to improve the rare-earth tailings.

关 键 词：稀土尾砂 化肥 生物炭 生长状况 光合作用 樟树 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]