骨性Ⅰ类与骨性Ⅱ类下颌第三磨牙及磨牙后间隙的测量分析研究  

Measurement and analysis of the mandibular third molars and retromolar space of ClassⅠand ClassⅡ

作　　者：张淑婷 吴亚星 刘翠翠 李向鑫 刘颖[2] 张静 ZHANG Shu-ting;WU Ya-xing;LIU Cui-cui;LI Xiang-xin;LIU Ying;ZHANG Jing(School of Stomatology,Bengbu Medical College,Anhui Bengbu 233030,China;Department of Stomatology,Xuzhou Central Hospital,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221009,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院口腔医学院,安徽蚌埠233030 [2]徐州市中心医院口腔科,江苏徐州221009

出　　处：《临床口腔医学杂志》2023年第7期397-401,共5页Journal of Clinical Stomatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31700814);徐州市科技计划项目(KC18032);徐州市临床技术骨干研修计划项目(2020GG011)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨影响下颌第三磨牙萌出状态的相关因素及其对错牙合畸形产生的影响。方法:依照纳入标准选取男性68例,女性109例样本进行研究,其中Ⅰ类100例,Ⅱ类77例。测量两组Spee曲线曲度、下前牙拥挤度、下颌第三磨牙倾斜角(angle of the long axis between the third molar and the second molar,M3⁃M2)、萌出高度(eruption level,EL)及其拔除难度、磨牙后间隙(retromolar space,RMS)、下颌体长度(distance between Go point and Po point,Go⁃Pog)。结果:男性M3⁃M2、Pederson难度指数、Go⁃Pog显著大于女性(P<0.05);不同垂直骨面型患者各组数据均无显著差异(P>0.05);骨性Ⅱ类上颌前突患者Spee曲线曲度及RMS显著大于骨性Ⅰ类,Pederson指数显著小于骨性Ⅰ类(P<0.05);骨性Ⅱ类下颌后缩患者Spee曲线曲度及下前牙拥挤度显著大于骨性Ⅰ类,EL及Go⁃Pog显著小于骨性Ⅰ类(P<0.05);骨性Ⅱ类上颌前突伴下颌后缩患者EL、Go⁃Pog显著小于骨性Ⅰ类,M3⁃M2显著大于骨性Ⅰ类(P<0.05)。骨性Ⅰ类与骨性Ⅱ类RMS与Spee曲线曲度、下前牙拥挤度及Pederson指数均呈负相关,骨性Ⅰ类RMS与EL呈正相关,骨性Ⅱ类RMS与Go⁃Pog呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:男性、骨性Ⅱ类、磨牙后间隙小且下颌体短者下颌第三磨牙更易阻生且会加深Spee曲线,导致下前牙拥挤。Objective:To explore the related factors affecting the eruption of the third molar and its influence on mal⁃occlusion.Methods:According to the inclusion criteria,68 males and 109 females were selected for the study,including 100 cases of ClassⅠand 77 cases of ClassⅡ.The Spee curve,degree of mandibular anterior tooth crowding,angle of the long axis between the third molar and the second molar(M3⁃M2),eruption level(EL)and the difficulty of extraction,the retromo⁃lar space(RMS)and distance between Go point and Po point(Go⁃Pog)were measured in the two groups.Results:The M3⁃M2,Pederson index and Go⁃Pog of male were significantly higher than those of female(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the data of patients with different vertical bone surface types(P>0.05).The Spee curve and RMS of ClassⅡpatients were significantly higher than those of ClassⅠpatients,and the Pederson index was significantly lower than those of ClassⅠpatients(P<0.05).The Spee curve and degree of mandibular anterior tooth crowding of patients with mandibular re⁃traction of ClassⅡwere significantly higher than those with ClassⅠ,while EL and Go⁃Pog were significantly lower than those with ClassⅠ(P<0.05).The EL and Go⁃Pog of patients with maxillary protrusion and mandibular retraction of ClassⅡwere significantly lower than those with ClassⅠ,and the M3⁃M2 was significantly higher than those with ClassⅠ(P<0.05).The RMS of ClassⅠand ClassⅡwere negatively correlated with Spee curve,degree of mandibular anterior tooth crowding and Pederson index(P<0.05).The RMS of ClassⅠwas positively correlated with EL,and the RMS of ClassⅡwas positively correlated with Go⁃Pog(P<0.05).Conclusion:Male patients with skeletal ClassⅡ,small retromolar space and short mandibular body are more likely to have impacted mandibular third molar and will deepen the Spee curve,leading to crowding of lower anterior teeth.

关 键 词：骨面型 下颌第三磨牙 磨牙后间隙 

分 类 号：R783[医药卫生—口腔医学]