一次对流云的人工增雨作业条件及雷达物理量变化分析  

Analysis on the Operational Condition of a Convective Cloud Artificial Precipitation Enhancement and the Changes of Radar Physical Quantity

作　　者：孙海燕[1] 姚展予[2,3] 应爽 贾烁 魏运芳 赵金涛[1] Sun Haiyan;Yao Zhanyu;Ying Shuang;Jia Shuo;Wei Yunfang;Zhao Jintao(Weather Modification Office of Jilin Province,Changchun 130062,China;CMA Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification Key Laboratory,Beijing 10081,China;CMA Weather Modification Center,Beijing 100081,China;Changchun Meteorological Bureau,Changchun 130051,China;Jilin Meteorological Observation and Support Center,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省人工影响天气办公室,长春130062 [2]中国气象局云降水物理与人工影响天气重点开放实验室,北京100081 [3]中国气象局人工影响天气中心,北京100081 [4]长春市气象局,长春130051 [5]吉林省气象探测保障中心,长春130062

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2023年第4期7-17,共11页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41775139);科技部战略性国际科技创新合作重点专项(2016YFE0201900);科技部公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201406033);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1507900);河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室开放研究基金项目(Z201801Y);天津市气象局重点科研项目(201801zdxm01)。

摘　　要：选取2014年8月23日吉林省四平地区一次对流云火箭增雨作业过程,进行了作业条件及作业前后雷达物理量变化的分析。此次天气过程是在高层干冷、低层暖湿的强不稳定条件下,近地面切变线触发不稳定能量释放产生的对流性天气。云系实况与模式模拟结果对比分析表明,云系宏微观特征有利于开展人工增雨作业。选取作业前发展趋势与作业云体单元相一致的雷达回波作为对比云体单元,对比分析结果表明,催化作业使作业云体单元的冰晶数量增加,改变了降水微物理过程,促进了云体的宏观发展,延长了云体生命期。作业后作业云体单元和对比云体单元的回波参量产生了明显差异,其表征的云体特征变化可作为增雨作业效果的物理证据。采用双比分析方法统计得出本次增雨作业绝对增雨量为3.23 mm,增雨效果显著。In this paper,the conditions of the rainfall enhancement operation by rockets in convective clouds in Siping City of Jilin Province on August 23,2014 are analyzed,and the radar physical parameters before and after seeding are compared.The results are that this weather process was convective weather caused by the release of unstable energy triggered by the shear line near the surface under the strong unstable condition of dry cold in the upper level and warm wet in the lower level.Through comparative analysis of the observed cloud system and the model simulation results,it is found that the macro and micro features of the clouds were in favor of the artificial precipitation enhancement operation.The radar echo with similar developing trend to the operation unit before seeding was selected as contrast unit of clouds.The contrastive analysis indicates that the catalytic operation increased the number of ice crystals in the operation cloud unit,changed the microphysical process of precipitation,promoted the macro development of cloud body,and extended the lifecycle of the cloud body.Obvious differences of echo parameters between the operation cloud unit and the contrast cloud unit emerged after seeding,and the variations of the characteristics of the cloud body can be used the physical evidence of the cloud seeding effects.The statistical analysis results of ground precipitation by the double ratio analysis method verify that the rocket rain enhancement operation has a marked rain enhancement effect.The absolute rainfall increase is 3.23 mm.

关 键 词：火箭增雨 作业条件 云体特征 对比分析 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]